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neuron

[noor-on, nyoor-]

noun

Cell Biology. a specialized, impulse-conducting cell that is the functional unit of the nervous system, consisting of the cell body and its processes, the axon and dendrites.

Also, especially British, neu·rone

[noor-ohn, nyoor-] .

Also called nerve cell.

Compare synapse.

Origin:
1880–85; < Greek neûron sinew, cord, nerve

Related forms

neu·ron·al

[noor-uh-nl, nyoor-, noo-rohn-l, nyoo-] , adjective

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2012.
Cite This Source

Link To neuron

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Neuron is always a great word to know.

So is muscle fiber. Does it mean:

one of the structural cells of a muscle

striated muscle that is usually attached to the skeleton and is usually under voluntary control

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Example Sentences

The complex structure of a neuron can be made apparent with a green fluorescent protein modeled on one used by jellyfish.

Keirstead, who is now pursuing other research related to neuron preservation.

In this case, the firing of one neuron suppresses firing in the rest of the network.

EXPAND

The complex structure of a neuron can be made apparent with a green fluorescent protein modeled on one used by jellyfish.

Keirstead, who is now pursuing other research related to neuron preservation.

In this case, the firing of one neuron suppresses firing in the rest of the network.

People who kill themselves have more of a type of neuron important for social emotions.

But it turns out that each neuron is supported by a supercomputer's worth of additional circuitry.

The single neuron seen here was grown on sensitive piezoelectric cantilever arrays.

Given the right signals, it can become a brand new heart cell or neuron or insulin-producing cell.

Meanwhile, dysfunction of the mirror neuron system has been linked to developmental disorders, such as autism.

The image above shows three neuron cells on the left.

Rerouting signal from neuron to muscle allows the brain to move deadened limbs.

Galaburda and his colleagues found that neuron positions and interconnections were disarranged.

When a neuron fires, calcium ions flood through special cell channels.

In post-mortems, the researchers found evidence of neuron growth in the dentate gyrus.

Forcing a cell into becoming a neuron could cause scientists to miss aspects of a disease.

Even if each neuron connected with half the other neurons and with an equal number of other cells, only.

Fischer's work that same year, meanwhile, had shown that high levels of p25 lead to neuron death.

But a gene chip studded with human genes can detect the activity of genes in a chimpanzee neuron reasonably well.

The neuron becomes less likely to achieve the threshold membrane potential.

Domhoff conceded, may be the brain's effort to make sense of random neuron fire.

But check out this visual representation of a neuron as compared to these photographs taken with microscopes:.

In a sense, he could think of it as a nervous system with a single neuron.

Autism has some of these same mis communications in the neuron communications.

Now one might expect that a neuron from a human will differ dramatically from one from a fly.

Large's study, mirror neuron regions flashed even in nonmusicians.

Dufresne and his colleagues implant beads on the tip of a neuron.

Electrical impulses that arrive at a synapse give the recipient neuron a small chemical kick that can vary in size.

COLLAPSE

Collins

World English Dictionary

neurone or neuron (ˈnjʊərəʊn, ˈnjʊərɒn)

—n
	Also called: nerve cell a specialized cell that conducts nerve impulses: consists of a cell body, axon, and dendrites

neuron or neuron

—n

neu'ronal or neuron

—*adj*

neuronic or neuron

—*adj*

Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition
2009 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009
Cite This Source

Etymonline

Word Origin & History

neuron

"a nerve cell with appendages," 1891, from Ger. Neuron, from Gk. neuron (see neuro-). Used earlier (1884) for "the spinal cord and brain."

American Heritage

Medical Dictionary

neuron neu·ron (n&oobreve;r'ŏn', ny&oobreve;r'-) or neu·rone (-ōn')
n.
Any of the impulse-conducting cells that constitute the brain, spinal column, and nerves, consisting of a nucleated cell body with one or more dendrites and a single axon. Also called nerve cell, neurocyte.

American Heritage

Science Dictionary

neuron (n

r'ŏn') Pronunciation Key

(click for larger image in new window)

A cell of the nervous system. Neurons typically consist of a cell body, which contains a nucleus and receives incoming nerve impulses, and an axon, which carries impulses away from the cell body. Also called nerve cell.

FOLDOC

Computing Dictionary

neuron definition

artificial neural network

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