1834, from Gk.
ophthalmos "eye," originally "the seeing" (related to
ops "eye," see
optic) +
-logia "study." Second element in Gk.
ophthalmos may be related to
thalamos "chamber," giving the whole a sense of "eye and eye socket."
Ophthalmia "inflammation of the eye, conjunctivitis" is attested from 1398.