Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2012.
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| Symbol: Ca; atomic weight: 40.08; atomic number: 20 |
| lymphatic vessel |
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osteoclast os·te·o·clast (ŏs'tē-ə-klāst')
n.
A large multinucleate cell found in growing bone that resorbs bony tissue, as in the formation of canals and cavities. Also called osteophage.
An instrument used in surgical osteoclasis.
os'te·o·clas'tic adj.
Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.
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osteoclast  (ŏs'tē-ə-klāst') Pronunciation Key
A specialized bone cell that absorbs bone, allowing for the deposition of new bone and maintenance of bone strength. Osteoclasts secrete enyzmes that dissolve the matrix of old bone tissue and acids that dissolve bone salts, which contain calcium and phosphorus. Except in growing bone, the rate of bone deposition and bone absorption equal each other so that bone mass remains constant. A mass of osteoclasts absorbs bone from the outer surfaces inward for about three weeks. The osteoclasts are then converted into osteoblasts that form new bone to fill in the cavities. See also osteoblast. |
Copyright © 2002. Published by Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved.
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osteoclast
large multinucleated cell responsible for the dissolution and absorption of bone. Bone is a dynamic tissue that is continuously being broken down and restructured in response to such influences as structural stress and the body's requirement for calcium. The osteoclasts are the mediators of the continuous destruction of bone. Osteoclasts occupy small depressions on the bone's surface, called Howship lacunae; the lacunae are thought to be caused by erosion of the bone by the osteoclasts' enzymes. Osteoclasts are formed by the fusion of many cells derived from circulating monocytes in the blood. These in turn are derived from the bone marrow. Osteoclasts may have as many as 200 nuclei, although most have only 5 to 20. The side of the cell closest to the bone contains many small projections (microvilli) that extend into the bone's surface, forming a ruffled, or brush, border that is the cell's active region. Osteoclasts produce a number of enzymes, chief among them acid phosphatase, that dissolve both the organic collagen and the inorganic calcium and phosphorus of the bone. Mineralized bone is first broken into fragments; the osteoclast then engulfs the fragments and digests them within cytoplasmic vacuoles. Calcium and phosphorus liberated by the breakdown of the mineralized bone are released into the bloodstream. Unmineralized bone (osteoid) is protected against osteoclastic resorption.
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