pen·al·ty

[pen-l-tee]
noun, plural pen·al·ties.
1.
a punishment imposed or incurred for a violation of law or rule.
2.
a loss, forfeiture, suffering, or the like, to which one subjects oneself by nonfulfillment of some obligation.
3.
something that is forfeited, as a sum of money.
4.
a disadvantage imposed upon one of the competitors or upon one side for infraction of the rules of a game, sport, etc.
5.
consequence or disadvantage attached to any action, condition, etc.

Origin:
1505–15;Medieval Latin poenālitās. See penal, -ty2

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Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2013.
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00:10
Penalty is always a great word to know.
So is ort. Does it mean:
a scrap or morsel of food left at a meal.
a calculus or concretion found in the stomach or intestines of certain animals, esp. ruminants, formerly reputed to be an effective remedy for poison.
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World English Dictionary
penalty (ˈpɛnəltɪ) [Click for IPA pronunciation guide]
 
n , pl -ties
1.  a legal or official punishment, such as a term of imprisonment
2.  some other form of punishment, such as a fine or forfeit for not fulfilling a contract
3.  loss, suffering, or other unfortunate result of one's own action, error, etc
4.  sport, games a handicap awarded against a player or team for illegal play, such as a free shot at goal by the opposing team, loss of points, etc
 
[C16: from Medieval Latin poenālitās penalty; see penal]

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Example sentences
There should be some kind of penalty for winning the bid but failing to make it.
The majority of players elected to impose a penalty even when it cost them some of their own money.
Making it an untimed exercise would make the quiz questions more of a guide for reading rather than a penalty for not reading.
The same penalty would be handed down in either case.
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