Word Origin & History
port"harbor," O.E. port "harbor, haven," reinforced by O.Fr. port, both O.E. and O.Fr. from L. portus "port, harbor," originally "entrance, passage," from PIE *prtu- "a going, a passage," from base *per- "to lead, pass over" (cf. Skt. parayati "carries over;" Gk. poros "journey, passage, way," peirein "to
pierce, run through;" L. porta "gate, door," portare "passage," peritus "experienced;" Avestan peretush "passage, ford, bridge;" Armenian hordan "go forward;" Welsh rhyd "ford;" O.C.S. pariti "fly;" O.E. faran "to go, journey," O.N. fjörðr "inlet, estuary"). Meaning "left side of a ship" is attested from 1543, from notion of "the side facing the harbor" (when a ship is docked). It replaced larboard in common usage to avoid confusion with starboard (q.v.); officially so by Admiralty order of 1844 and U.S. Navy Department notice of 1846. Fig. sense "place of refuge" is attested from 1426; phrase any port in a storm first recorded 1749.
port"gateway," O.E., from O.Fr. porte "gate, entrance," from L. porta "gate, door," from PIE base *per- (see
port (1)). Specific meaning "porthole, opening in the side of a ship" is attested from 1243.
port"bearing, mien," c.1369, from O.Fr. port, from porter "to carry," from L. portare (see
port (1)).
port"sweet dark-red wine," 1691, shortened from Oporto, city in northwest Portugal from which the wine was originally shipped, from O Porto "the port."
porter"person who carries," 1263, from Anglo-Fr. portour, O.Fr. porteor, from L.L. portatorem (acc. portator) "one who carries," from L. portare "to carry" (see
port (1)).
porter"doorkeeper, janitor," 1180s, from Anglo-Fr. portour, from O.Fr. portier, from L.L. portarius "gatekeeper," from L. porta "gate" (see
port (2)).
porter"dark beer," 1727, as porter's ale, from
porter (1), because the beer was made for porters and other laborers, being cheap and strong.