rust definition | Dictionary.com

rust

[ruhst]

–noun

1.	Also called iron rust. the red or orange coating that forms on the surface of iron when exposed to air and moisture, consisting chiefly of ferric hydroxide and ferric oxide formed by oxidation.

2.	any film or coating on metal caused by oxidation.

3.	a stain resembling this coating.

4.	any growth, habit, influence, or agency tending to injure, deteriorate, or impair the mind, character, abilities, usefulness, etc.

Plant Pathology.

a.	any of several diseases of plants, characterized by reddish, brownish, or black pustules on the leaves, stems, etc., caused by fungi of the order Uredinales.

b.	Also called rust fungus. a fungus causing this disease.

c.	any of several other diseases of unknown cause, characterized by reddish-brown spots or discolorations on the affected parts.

6.	reddish yellow, reddish brown, or yellowish red.

–verb (used without object)

7.	to become or grow rusty, as iron.

8.	to contract rust.

9.	to deteriorate or become impaired, as through inaction or disuse.

10.	to become rust-colored.

–verb (used with object)

11.	to affect with rust.

12.	to impair as if with rust.

13.	to make rust-colored.

–adjective

14.	having the color rust.

—Verb phrases

15.	rust out, (of metal pipes, machinery, etc.) to decay and become unusable through the action of rust.

16.	rust through, to develop holes, breaks, or the like, because of rust.

17.	rust together, to join two metal pieces, as iron pipes, by causing the joint to rust.

Origin:
bef. 900; (n.) ME; OE rūst; c. G Rost; (v.) ME rusten, deriv. of the n.; akin to red

Synonyms:
2. corrosion. 9. decay, decline.

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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rust (rŭst)

Any of various powdery or scaly reddish-brown or reddish-yellow hydrated ferric oxides formed on iron and iron-containing materials by low-temperature oxidation in the presence of water.
Any of various metallic coatings, especially oxides, formed by corrosion.
A stain or coating resembling iron rust.
Deterioration, as of ability, resulting from inactivity or neglect.
Botany
1. Rust fungus.
2. A plant disease caused by a rust fungus, characterized by reddish or brownish spots on leaves, stems, and other parts.
A strong brown.

v. rust·ed, rust·ing, rusts

v. intr.

To become corroded.
To deteriorate or degenerate through inactivity or neglect.
To become the color of rust.
Botany To develop a disease caused by a rust fungus.

v. tr.

To corrode or subject (a metal) to rust formation.
To impair or spoil, as by misuse or inactivity.
To color (something) a strong brown.

[Middle English, from Old English rūst; see reudh- in Indo-European roots.]
rust adj., rust'a·ble adj.

The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Rust

Rust\, n. [AS. rust; akin to D. roest, G. & Sw. rost, Icel. ry[eth]; -- named from its color, and akin to E. red. [root]113. See Red.]

1. (Chem.) The reddish yellow coating formed on iron when exposed to moist air, consisting of ferric oxide or hydroxide; hence, by extension, any metallic film of corrosion.

2. (Bot.) A minute mold or fungus forming reddish or rusty spots on the leaves and stems of cereal and other grasses (Trichobasis Rubigo-vera), now usually believed to be a form or condition of the corn mildew (Puccinia graminis). As rust, it has solitary reddish spores; as corn mildew, the spores are double and blackish.

Note: Rust is also applied to many other minute fungi which infest vegetation, such as the species of Ustilago, Uredo, and Lecythea.

3. That which resembles rust in appearance or effects. Specifically: (a) A composition used in making a rust joint. See Rust joint, below. (b) Foul matter arising from degeneration; as, rust on salted meat. (c) Corrosive or injurious accretion or influence.

Sacred truths cleared from all rust and dross of human mixtures. --Eikon Basilike.

Note: Rust is used in the formation of compounds of obvious meaning; as, rust-colored, rust-consumed, rust-eaten, and the like.

Rust joint, a joint made between surfaces of iron by filling the space between them with a wet mixture of cast-iron borings, sal ammoniac, and sulphur, which by oxidation becomes hard, and impervious to steam, water, etc.

Rust mite (Zo["o]l.), a minute mite (Phytopius oleivorus) which, by puncturing the rind, causes the rust-colored patches on oranges.

Rust

Rust\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rusted; p. pr. & vb. n. Rusting.] [AS. rustian.]

1. To contract rust; to be or become oxidized.

If gold ruste, what shall iron do? --Chaucer.

Our armors now may rust. --Dryden.

2. To be affected with the parasitic fungus called rust; also, to acquire a rusty appearance. as plants.

3. Fig.: To degenerate in idleness; to become dull or impaired by inaction.

Must I rust in Egypt? never more Appear in arms, and be the chief of Greece? --Dryden.

Rust

Rust\, v. t. 1. To cause to contract rust; to corrode with rust; to affect with rust of any kind.

Keep up your bright swords, for the dew will rust them. --Shak.

2. Fig.: To impair by time and inactivity. --Johnson.

Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, © 1996, 1998 MICRA, Inc.
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Language Translation for : rust

Spanish: óxido,

German: der Rost,

Japanese: さび

More Translations »

rust (n.)

O.E. rust, related to rudu "redness," from P.Gmc. *rusta- (cf. Fris. rust, O.H.G., Ger. rost, M.Du. ro(e)st), from PIE *reudh-s-to- (cf. Lith. rustas "brownish," rudeti "to rust;" L. robigo, O.C.S. ruzda "rust"), from base *reudh- "red." The verb is attested from c.1225. As a plant disease, attested from c.1340. Rust Belt "dacayed urban industrial areas of mid-central U.S." (1984) was popularized, if not coined, by Walter Mondale's presidential campaign.

Main Entry: rust
Pronunciation: 'r&st
Function: noun
1 : the reddish brittle coating formed on iron especially when chemically attacked by moistair and composed essentially of hydrated ferric oxide
2 : any of numerous destructive diseases of plants produced by fungi (order Uredinales) and characterized by reddish brownpustular lesions; also : a fungus causing this

rust (rŭst)
n.
Any of a group of parasitic fungi of the order Uredinales that are plant pathogens, especially of cereal grains, and that can produce allergy in humans when inhaled in large numbers.

rust (rŭst) Pronunciation Key
Noun

Any of the various reddish-brown oxides of iron that form on iron and many of its alloys when they are exposed to oxygen in the presence of moisture.
1. Any of various basidiomycete fungi that are parasitic on plants and produce reddish or brownish spots on leaves. Rusts attack a wide variety of plants and can cause enormous damage to crops.
2. Any of the various plant diseases caused by these fungi.

Verb To become corroded or oxidized.

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rust

disease of thousands of economically important plants, as well as weeds, caused by more than 4,000 species of fungi.

Learn more about rust with a free trial on Britannica.com.

Encyclopedia Britannica, 2008. Encyclopedia Britannica Online.
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