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spruce

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spruce

1[sproos] ,
–noun
1. any evergreen, coniferous tree of the genus Picea, of the pine family, having short, angular, needle-shaped leaves attached singly around twigs and bearing hanging cones with persistent scales.
2. any of various allied trees, as the Douglas fir and the hemlock spruce.
3. the wood of any such tree.
–adjective
4. made from the wood of a spruce tree or trees.
5. containing or abounding in spruce trees.

Origin:
1350–1400; ME, special use of Spruce, sandhi var. of Pruce < OF Pruce < ML Prussia Prussia, whence the timber came

spruce

2[sproos] ,adjective, spruc⋅er, spruc⋅est, verb, spruced, spruc⋅ing.
–adjective
1. trim in dress or appearance; neat; smart; dapper.
–verb (used with object)
2. to make spruce or smart (often fol. by up): Spruce up the children before the company comes.
–verb (used without object)
3. to make oneself spruce (usually fol. by up).

Origin:
1580–90; obs. spruce jerkin orig., jerkin made of spruce leather, i.e., leather imported from Prussia (see spruce 1 ), hence fine, smart, etc.


sprucely, adverb
spruceness, noun
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
Cite This Source Link To spruce
spruce 1   (sprōōs)   
n.  
    1. Any of various coniferous evergreen trees of the genus Picea, having needlelike foliage, drooping cones, and soft wood often used for paper pulp.

    2. Any of various similar or related trees.

    3. The wood of any of these trees.

  1. A grayish green to dark greenish black.


[Short for obsolete Spruce fir, Prussian fir, from Middle English Spruce, Prussia, alteration of Pruce from Anglo-Norman Pruz, from Medieval Latin Prussia.]
spruce 2   (sprōōs)   
adj.   spruc·er, spruc·est
Neat, trim, and smart in appearance: "a good-looking man; spruce and dapper, and very tidy" (Anthony Trollope).
v.   spruced, spruc·ing, spruc·es

v.   tr.
To make neat and trim: spruced up the chairs with new slipcovers.
v.   intr.
To make oneself neat and smart in appearance: He was sprucing for the school dance.

[Perhaps from obsolete spruce leather, Prussian leather, from Middle English Spruce, Prussia; see spruce1.]
spruce'ly adv., spruce'ness n.
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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