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Sum
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sum

[suhm]

,noun, verb, summed, sum⋅ming.

Use sum in a Sentence

–noun

1.	the aggregate of two or more numbers, magnitudes, quantities, or particulars as determined by or as if by the mathematical process of addition: The sum of 6 and 8 is 14.

2.	a particular aggregate or total, esp. with reference to money: The expenses came to an enormous sum.

3.	an indefinite amount or quantity, esp. of money: to lend small sums.

4.	a series of numbers or quantities to be added up.

5.	an arithmetical problem to be solved, or such a problem worked out and having the various steps shown.

6.	the full amount, or the whole.

7.	the substance or gist of a matter, comprehensively or broadly viewed or expressed: the sum of his opinions.

8.	concise or brief form: in sum.

Mathematics.

a.	the limit of the sequence of partial sums of a given infinite series.

b.	union (def. 10a).

10.	a summary.

–verb (used with object)

11.	to combine into an aggregate or total (often fol. by up).

12.	to ascertain the sum of, as by addition.

13.	to bring into or contain in a small compass (often fol. by up).

–verb (used without object)

14.	to amount (usually fol. by to or into): Their expenses summed into the thousands.

—Verb phrase

15.

sum up,

a.	to reckon: We summed up our assets and liabilities.

b.	to bring into or contain in a brief and comprehensive statement; summarize: to sum up the case for the prosecution.

c.	to form a quick estimate of: I summed him up in a minute.

Origin:
1250–1300; (n.) ME summe < L summa sum, n. use of fem. of summus highest, superl. of superus (see superior ); (v.) ME summen (< OF summer) < ML summāre, deriv. of summa

Related forms:

sumless, adjective

sum⋅less⋅ness, noun

Synonyms:
1. See number.

sum-

var. of sub- before m: summon.

SUM

surface-to-underwater missile.

sub-

a prefix occurring originally in loanwords from Latin (subject; subtract; subvert; subsidy); on this model, freely attached to elements of any origin and used with the meaning “under,” “below,” “beneath” (subalpine; substratum), “slightly,” “imperfectly,” “nearly” (subcolumnar; subtropical), “secondary,” “subordinate” (subcommittee; subplot).

Chemistry.

a.	a prefix indicating a basic compound: subacetate; subcarbonate; subnitrate.

b.	a prefix indicating that the element is present in a relatively small proportion, i.e., in a low oxidation state: subchloride; suboxide.

Also, su-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-.

Origin:
< L, comb. form repr. sub (prep.); akin to Gk hypó; see hypo-

un⋅ion

[yoon-yuh

–noun

1.	the act of uniting two or more things.

2.	the state of being united.

3.	something formed by uniting two or more things; combination.

4.	a number of persons, states, etc., joined or associated together for some common purpose: student union; credit union.

5.	a group of states or nations united into one political body, as that of the American colonies at the time of the Revolution, that of England and Scotland in 1707, or that of Great Britain and Ireland in 1801.

6.	the Union. the United States: The Union defeated the Confederacy in 1865.

7.	a device emblematic of union, used in a flag or ensign, sometimes occupying the upper corner next to the staff or occupying the entire field.

8.	the act of uniting or an instance of being united in marriage or sexual intercourse: an ideal union; an illicit union.

9.	an organization of workers; a labor union.

10.

Mathematics.

a.	Also called join, logical sum, sum. the set consisting of elements each of which is in at least one of two or more given sets. Symbol: ∪

b.	the least upper bound of two elements in a lattice.

11.	the process or result of merging or integration of disjoined, severed, or fractured elements, as the healing of a wound or broken bone, the growing together of the parts in a plant graft, the fusion of pieces in a welding process, or the like.

12.	the junction or location at which the merging process has taken place.

13.	any of various contrivances for connecting parts of machinery or the like.

14.

Textiles.

a.	a fabric of two kinds of yarn.

b.	a yarn of two or more fibers.

Origin:
1400–50; late ME < MF < LL ūniōn- (s. of ūniō), equiv. to L ūn(us) one + -iōn- -ion

Synonyms:
1. Union, unity agree in referring to a oneness, either created by putting together, or by being undivided. A union is a state of being united, a combination, as the result of joining two or more things into one: to promote the union between two families; the Union of England and Scotland. Unity is the state or inherent quality of being one, single, individual, and indivisible (often as a consequence of union): to find unity in diversity; to give unity to a work of art. 5. See alliance. 8. wedlock; liaison.

Antonyms:
1, 2. separation, division.

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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Link To sum

sum (sŭm)

Mathematics
1. An amount obtained as a result of adding numbers.
2. An arithmetic problem: a child good at sums.
The whole amount, quantity, or number; an aggregate: the sum of the team's combined experience.
An amount of money: paid an enormous sum.
A summary: my view of the world, in sum.
The central idea or point; the gist.

tr.v. summed, sum·ming, sums

Mathematics To add.
To give a summary of; summarize.

Phrasal Verb(s):
sum up

To present the substance of (material) in a condensed form; summarize: sum up the day's news; concluded the lecture by summing up.
To describe or assess concisely: an epithet that sums up my feelings.

[Middle English summe, from Old French, from Latin summa, from feminine of summus, highest; see uper in Indo-European roots.]

The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
Cite This Source

Sum

Sum\, n. [OE. summe, somme, OF. sume, some, F. somme, L. summa, fr. summus highest, a superlative from sub under. See Sub-, and cf. Supreme.]

1. The aggregate of two or more numbers, magnitudes, quantities, or particulars; the amount or whole of any number of individuals or particulars added together; as, the sum of 5 and 7 is 12.

Take ye the sum of all the congregation. --Num. i. 2.

Note: Sum is now commonly applied to an aggregate of numbers, and number to an aggregate of persons or things.

2. A quantity of money or currency; any amount, indefinitely; as, a sum of money; a small sum, or a large sum. "The sum of forty pound." --Chaucer.

With a great sum obtained I this freedom. --Acts xxii. 28.

3. The principal points or thoughts when viewed together; the amount; the substance; compendium; as, this is the sum of all the evidence in the case; this is the sum and substance of his objections.

4. Height; completion; utmost degree.

Thus have I told thee all my state, and brought My story to the sum of earthly bliss. --Milton.

5. (Arith.) A problem to be solved, or an example to be wrought out. --Macaulay.

A sum in arithmetic wherein a flaw discovered at a particular point is ipso facto fatal to the whole. --Gladstone.

A large sheet of paper . . . covered with long sums. --Dickens.

Algebraic sum, as distinguished from arithmetical sum, the aggregate of two or more numbers or quantities taken with regard to their signs, as + or -, according to the rules of addition in algebra; thus, the algebraic sum of -2, 8, and -1 is 5.

In sum, in short; in brief. [Obs.] "In sum, the gospel . . . prescribes every virtue to our conduct, and forbids every sin." --Rogers.

Sum

Sum\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Summed; p. pr. & vb. n. Summing.] [Cf. F. sommer, LL. summare.]

1. To bring together into one whole; to collect into one amount; to cast up, as a column of figures; to ascertain the totality of; -- usually with up.

The mind doth value every moment, and then the hour doth rather sum up the moments, than divide the day. --Bacon.

2. To bring or collect into a small compass; to comprise in a few words; to condense; -- usually with up.

"Go to the ant, thou sluggard," in few words sums up the moral of this fable. --L'Estrange.

He sums their virtues in himself alone. --Dryden.

3. (Falconry) To have (the feathers) full grown; to furnish with complete, or full-grown, plumage.

But feathered soon and fledge They summed their pens [wings]. --Milton.

Summing up, a compendium or abridgment; a recapitulation; a r['e]sum['e]; a summary.

Syn: To cast up; collect; comprise; condense; comprehend; compute.

Language Translation for : sum

Spanish: suma,

German: die Summe,

Japanese: 合計

More Translations »

sum

c.1290, "quantity or amount of money," from Anglo-Fr. and O.Fr. summe (13c.), from L. summa "total number, whole, essence, gist," noun use of fem. of summus "highest," from PIE *sup-mos-, from base *uper "over" (see super-). The sense development from "highest" to "total number" is probably via the Roman custom of adding up a stack of figures from the bottom and writing the sum at the top, rather than at the bottom as we do now (cf. the bottom line). Meaning "total number of anything" is recorded from c.1374. Meaning "essence of a writing or speech" also is attested from c.1374. The verb is attested from c.1300; meaning "briefly state the substance of" (now usually with up) is first recorded 1621. Sum-total is attested from c.1395, from M.L. summa totalis.

sum (sŭm) Pronunciation Key
The result of adding numbers or quantities. The sum of 6 and 9, for example, is 15, and the sum of 4x and 5x is 9x.

sum
1. In domain theory, the sum A + B of two domains contains all elements of both domains, modified to indicate which part of the union they come from, plus a new bottom element. There are two constructor functions associated with the sum:
inA : A -> A+B inB : B -> A+B inA(a) = (0,a) inB(b) = (1,b)
and a disassembly operation:
case d of isA(x) -> E1; isB(x) -> E2
This can be generalised to arbitrary numbers of domains.
See also smash sum, disjoint union.
2. A Unix utility to calculate a 16-bit checksum of the data in a file. It also displays the size of the file, either in kilobytes or in 512-byte blocks. The checksum may differ on machines with 16-bit and 32-bit ints.
Unix manual page: sum(1).
(1995-03-16)

SUM
software users manual

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Sum
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