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texture

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tex⋅ture

  [teks-cher] noun, verb, -tured, -tur⋅ing.
Use texture in a Sentence
–noun
1. the visual and esp. tactile quality of a surface: rough texture.
2. the characteristic structure of the interwoven or intertwined threads, strands, or the like, that make up a textile fabric: coarse texture.
3. the characteristic physical structure given to a material, an object, etc., by the size, shape, arrangement, and proportions of its parts: soil of a sandy texture; a cake with a heavy texture.
4. an essential or characteristic quality; essence.
5. Fine Arts.
a. the characteristic visual and tactile quality of the surface of a work of art resulting from the way in which the materials are used.
b. the imitation of the tactile quality of represented objects.
6. the quality given, as to a musical or literary work, by the combination or interrelation of parts or elements.
7. a rough or grainy surface quality.
8. anything produced by weaving; woven fabric.
–verb (used with object)
9. to give texture or a particular texture to.
10. to make by or as if by weaving.
Origin:
1400–50; late ME < L textūra web, equiv. to text(us) (ptp. of texere to weave) + -ūra -ure

Related forms:
tex⋅tur⋅al, adjective
tex⋅tur⋅al⋅ly, adverb
tex⋅ture⋅less, adjective
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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tex·ture   (těks'chər)   
n.  

  1. A structure of interwoven fibers or other elements.

  2. The distinctive physical composition or structure of something, especially with respect to the size, shape, and arrangment of its parts: the texture of sandy soil; the texture of cooked fish.

    1. The appearance and feel of a surface: the smooth texture of soap.

    2. A rough or grainy surface quality: Brick walls give a room texture.

  4. Distinctive or identifying quality or character: "an intensely meditative poet [who] conveys the religious and cultural texture of time spent in a Benedictine monastery" (New York Times).

  5. The quality given to a piece of art, literature, or music by the interrelationship of its elements: "The baroque influence in his music is clear here, with the harmonic complexity and texture" (Rachelle Roe).

tr.v.   tex·tured, tex·tur·ing, tex·tures
To give texture to, especially to impart desirable surface characteristics to: texture a printing plate by lining and stippling it.

[Middle English, from Old French, from Latin textūra, from textus, past participle of texere, to weave; see text.]
tex'tur·al adj., tex'tur·al·ly adv., tex'tured adj.
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Word Origin & History

texture 
c.1425, "network, structure," from M.Fr., from L. textura "web, texture, structure," from stem of textere "to weave," from PIE base *tek- "to make" (cf. Skt. taksati "he fashions, constructs," taksan "carpenter;" Avestan taša "ax, hatchet," thwaxš- "be busy;" O.Pers. taxš- "be active;" Gk. tekton "carpenter," tekhne "art;" O.C.S. tesla "ax, hatchet;" Lith. tasau "to carve;" O.Ir. tal "cooper's ax;" O.H.G. dahs, Ger. Dachs "badger," lit. "builder;" Hittite taksh- "to join, unite, build"). Meaning "structural character" is recorded from 1660.
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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Medical Dictionary

texture tex·ture (těks'chər)
n.
The composition or structure of a tissue or organ.

tex'tured adj.

The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary
Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.
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Computing Dictionary

texture graphics
A measure of the variation of the intensity of a surface, quantifying properties such as smoothness, coarseness and regularity. It's often used as a region descriptor in image analysis and computer vision.
The three principal approaches used to describe texture are statistical, structural and spectral. Statistical techniques characterise texture by the statistical properties of the grey levels of the points comprising a surface. Typically, these properties are computed from the grey level histogram or grey level cooccurrence matrix of the surface.
Structural techniques characterise texture as being composed of simple primitives called "texels" (texture elements), that are regularly arranged on a surface according to some rules. These rules are formally defined by grammars of various types.
Spectral techiques are based on properties of the Fourier spectrum and describe global periodicity of the grey levels of a surface by identifying high energy peaks in the spectrum.
(1995-05-11)

The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing, © 1993-2007 Denis Howe
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