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turpentine

[tur-puhn-tahyn]

Origin

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noun

any of various oleoresins derived from coniferous trees, especially the longleaf pine, Pinus palustris, and yielding a volatile oil and a resin when distilled.

Also called Chian turpentine. an oleoresin exuded by the terebinth, Pistacia terebinthus.

oil of turpentine.

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verb (used with object)

to treat with turpentine; apply turpentine to.

to gather or take crude turpentine from (trees).

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Origin:
1275–1325; late Middle English, alteration of Middle English ter(e)bentyn(e) < Medieval Latin ter(e)bentīna, for Latin terebinthīna, noun use of feminine of terebinthīnus of the turpentine tree, equivalent to terebinth(us) turpentine tree (< Greek terébinthos) + -īnus -ine¹

Related forms

tur·pen·tin·ic

[tur-puhn-tin-ik] , tur·pen·tin·ous

[tur-puhn-tin-uhs, ‐tahy-nuhs] , tur·pen·tin·y

[tur-puhn-tahy-nee] , adjective

un·tur·pen·tined, adjective

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2012.
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Link To turpentine

Collins

World English Dictionary

turpentine (ˈtɜːp^ənˌtaɪn)

—n
1.	Also called: gum turpentine any of various viscous oleoresins obtained from various coniferous trees, esp from the longleaf pine, and used as the main source of commercial turpentine
2.	a brownish-yellow sticky viscous oleoresin that exudes from the terebinth tree
3.	oil of turpentine, Also called: spirits of turpentine, Sometimes (esp Brit) shortened to: turps a colourless flammable volatile liquid with a pungent odour, distilled from turpentine oleoresin. It is an essential oil containing a mixture of terpenes and is used as a solvent for paints and in medicine as a rubefacient and expectorant
4.	(not in technical usage) turpentine substitute, Also called: white spirit any one of a number of thinners for paints and varnishes, consisting of fractions of petroleumRelated: terebinthine

—vb
5.	to treat or saturate with turpentine
6.	to extract crude turpentine from (trees)

Related: terebinthine

[C14 terebentyne, from Medieval Latin terbentīna, from Latin terebinthīna turpentine, from terebinthus the turpentine tree, terebinth]

Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition
2009 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009
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Etymonline

Word Origin & History

turpentine

1322, terbentyn, from O.Fr. terebinte, from L. terebintha resina "resin of the terebinth tree," from Gk. rhetine terebinthe, from fem. of terebinthos, earlier terminthos "terebinth tree," probably from a non-I.E. language. By 16c. applied generally to resins from fir trees.

American Heritage

Science Dictionary

turpentine

(tûr'pən-tīn') Pronunciation Key

A thin, easily vaporized oil that is distilled from the wood or resin of certain pine trees. It is used as a paint thinner and solvent. Chemical formula: C₁₀H₁₆.
The sticky mixture of resin and oil from which this oil is distilled.

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