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Benzoin

 - 5 dictionary results
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ben⋅zo⋅in

1  [ben-zoh-in, -zoin, ben-zoh-in]
Use Benzoin in a Sentence
–noun
1. Also called gum benjamin, gum benzoin. a reddish-brown, aromatic balsamic resin occurring in almondlike fragments and having a vanillalike odor, obtained from trees of the genus Styrax, esp. S. benzoin, of Java, Sumatra, etc.: used in the manufacture of perfume and cosmetics and in medicine internally as an expectorant and externally as an antiseptic.
2. Also called benjamin, benjamin-bush. any plant belonging to the genus Lindera (Benzoin), of the laurel family, including the spicebush and similar aromatic plants.
Origin:
1550–60; earlier benjoin < MF < Pg beijoim and Sp benjuí < Ar lubān jāwī frankincense of Java (lu- prob. constructed as the definite article); z of benzoin < It benzoi ≪ Ar
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ben⋅zo⋅in

2  [ben-zoh-in, -zoin, ben-zoh-in]
–noun Chemistry.
a white, slightly water-soluble powder, C14H12O2, derived by the condensation of benzaldehyde in the presence of potassium cyanide, and used in organic synthesis.
Origin:
benzo- + -in 2
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
Cite This Source Link To Benzoin
ben·zo·in   (běn'zō-ĭn, -zoin')   
n.  

  1. A balsamic resin obtained from certain tropical Asian trees of the genus Styrax and used in perfumery and medicine. Also called benjamin, gum benjamin, gum benzoin.

  2. A white or yellowish crystalline compound, C14H12O2, derived from benzaldehyde.


[Earlier benjoin, from French benjoin and Italian benzoino, both from Arabic lubān jāwī, frankincense of Java; see lbn in Semitic roots.]
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Word Origin & History

benzoin 
1558, from M.Fr. benjoin, via Sp., Port, or It., from Ar. luban jawi "incense of Java" (actually Sumatra), with lu probably mistaken in Romance languages for a definite article. The Eng. form with -z- is perhaps from influence of It. benzoi (Venetian, 1461).
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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Medical Dictionary

Main Entry: ben·zo·in
Pronunciation: 'ben-z&-w&n, -"wEn; -"zoin
Function: noun
1 : a hard fragrant yellowish balsamic resinfrom trees (genus Styrax of the family Styracaceae) of southeastern Asia used especially as an expectorant and topically to relieve skin irritations
2 : a white crystallinehydroxy ketone C14H12O2 made from benzaldehyde
3 : a tree yielding benzoin
Merriam-Webster's Medical Dictionary, © 2002 Merriam-Webster, Inc.
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