the act of inducing, bringing about, or causing: induction of the hypnotic state.
2.
the act of inducting; introduction; initiation.
3.
formal installation in an office, benefice, or the like.
4.
Logic.
a.
any form of reasoning in which the conclusion, though supported by the premises, does not follow from them necessarily.
b.
the process of estimating the validity of observations of part of a class of facts as evidence for a proposition about the whole class.
c.
a conclusion reached by this process.
5.
Also called mathematical induction.Mathematics. a method of proving a given property true for a set of numbers by proving it true for 1 and then true for an arbitrary positive integer by assuming the property true for all previous positive integers and applying the principle of mathematical induction.
6.
a presentation or bringing forward, as of facts or evidence.
7.
Electricity,Magnetism. the process by which a body having electric or magnetic properties produces magnetism, an electric charge, or an electromotive force in a neighboring body without contact. Compare electromagnetic induction, electrostatic induction.
8.
Embryology. the process or principle by which one part of the embryo influences the differentiation of another part.
9.
Biochemistry. the synthesis of an enzyme in response to an increased concentration of its substrate in the cell.
10.
an introductory unit in literary work, esp. in an early play; prelude or scene independent of the main performance but related to it.
11.
Archaic. a preface.
[Origin: 1350–1400; ME induccio(u)n < L inductiōn- (s. of inductiō). See induct, -ion]
A ceremony or formal act by which a person is inducted, as into office or military service.
The generation of electromotive force in a closed circuit by a varying magnetic flux through the circuit.
The charging of an isolated conducting object by momentarily grounding it while a charged body is nearby.
The process of deriving general principles from particular facts or instances.
A conclusion reached by this process.
Medicine The inducing of labor, whereby labor is initiated artificially with drugs such as oxytocin.
Medicine The administration of anesthetic agents and the establishment of a depth of anesthesia adequate for surgery.
Biochemistry The process of initiating or increasing the production of an enzyme, as in genetic transcription.
Embryology The process by which one part of an embryo causes adjacent tissues or parts to change form or shape, as by the diffusion of hormones or other chemicals.
Electricity
The generation of electromotive force in a closed circuit by a varying magnetic flux through the circuit.
The charging of an isolated conducting object by momentarily grounding it while a charged body is nearby.
The process of deriving general principles from particular facts or instances.
A conclusion reached by this process.
Medicine The inducing of labor, whereby labor is initiated artificially with drugs such as oxytocin.
Medicine The administration of anesthetic agents and the establishment of a depth of anesthesia adequate for surgery.
Biochemistry The process of initiating or increasing the production of an enzyme, as in genetic transcription.
Embryology The process by which one part of an embryo causes adjacent tissues or parts to change form or shape, as by the diffusion of hormones or other chemicals.
Logic
The process of deriving general principles from particular facts or instances.
A conclusion reached by this process.
Medicine The inducing of labor, whereby labor is initiated artificially with drugs such as oxytocin.
Medicine The administration of anesthetic agents and the establishment of a depth of anesthesia adequate for surgery.
Biochemistry The process of initiating or increasing the production of an enzyme, as in genetic transcription.
Embryology The process by which one part of an embryo causes adjacent tissues or parts to change form or shape, as by the diffusion of hormones or other chemicals.
Mathematics A two-part method of proving a theorem involving an integral parameter. First the theorem is verified for the smallest admissible value of the integer. Then it is proven that if the theorem is true for any value of the integer, it is true for the next greater value. The final proof contains the two parts.
The act or process of inducing or bringing about, as:
Medicine The inducing of labor, whereby labor is initiated artificially with drugs such as oxytocin.
Medicine The administration of anesthetic agents and the establishment of a depth of anesthesia adequate for surgery.
Biochemistry The process of initiating or increasing the production of an enzyme, as in genetic transcription.
Embryology The process by which one part of an embryo causes adjacent tissues or parts to change form or shape, as by the diffusion of hormones or other chemicals.
Presentation of material, such as facts or evidence, in support of an argument or proposition.
A preface or prologue, especially to an early English play.
a formal entry into an organization or position or office; "his initiation into the club"; "he was ordered to report for induction into the army"; "he gave a speech as part of his installation into the hall of fame" [syn: initiation]
2.
an electrical phenomenon whereby an electromotive force (EMF) is generated in a closed circuit by a change in the flow of current
3.
reasoning from detailed facts to general principles [syn: generalization]
4.
stimulation that calls up (draws forth) a particular class of behaviors; "the elicitation of his testimony was not easy" [syn: evocation]
5.
the act of bringing about something (especially at an early time); "the induction of an anesthetic state"
6.
an act that sets in motion some course of events [syn: trigger]
The process of deriving general principles from particular facts or instances.
A conclusion reached by this process. See Note at deduction.
The creation of a voltage difference across a conductive material (such as a coil of wire) by exposing it to a changing magnetic field. Induction is fundamental to hydroelectric power, in which water-powered turbines spin wire coils through strong magnetic fields. It is also the working principle underlying transformers and induction coils.
The generation of an electric current in a conductor, such as a copper wire, by exposing it to the electric field of an electrically charged conductor.
The building up of a net electric charge on a conductive material by separating its charge to create two oppositely charged regions, then bleeding off the charge from one region.
The creation of a voltage difference across a conductive material (such as a coil of wire) by exposing it to a changing magnetic field. Induction is fundamental to hydroelectric power, in which water-powered turbines spin wire coils through strong magnetic fields. It is also the working principle underlying transformers and induction coils.
The generation of an electric current in a conductor, such as a copper wire, by exposing it to the electric field of an electrically charged conductor.
The building up of a net electric charge on a conductive material by separating its charge to create two oppositely charged regions, then bleeding off the charge from one region.
An effect in electrical systems in which electrical currents store energy temporarily in magnetic fields before that energy is returned to the circuit.
Main Entry: in·duc·tion Pronunciation: in-'d&k-sh&n Function: noun 1: the act of causing or bringing on or about
<induction of labor>; specifically: the establishment of the initial state of anesthesia often with an agent other than that used subsequently to maintain the anesthetic
state 2: the process by which an electrical conductor becomes electrified when near a charged body, by which a magnetizable body becomes magnetized when in a magnetic field or in
the magnetic flux set up by a magnetomotive force, or by which an electromotive force is produced in a circuit by varying the magnetic field linked with the circuit 3 a: arousal
of a part or area (as of the retina) by stimulation of an adjacent part or area b: the sum of the processes by which the fate of embryonic cells is determined and morphogenetic
differentiation brought about —in·duct/in-'d&kt/transitive verb
inductionlogic A method of proving statements about well-ordered sets. If S is a well-ordered set with ordering "<", and we want to show that a property P holds for every element of S, it is sufficient to show that, for all s in S, IF for all t in S, t < s => P(t) THEN P(s) I.e. if P holds for anything less than s then it holds for s. In this case we say P is proved by induction. The most common instance of proof by induction is induction over the natural numbers where we prove that some property holds for n=0 and that if it holds for n, it holds for n+1. (In fact it is sufficient for "<" to be a well-foundedpartial order on S, not necessarily a well-ordering of S.) (1999-12-09)
Coil\, n. 1. A ring, series of rings, or spiral, into which a rope, or other like thing, is wound. The wild grapevines that twisted their coils from trec to tree. --W. Irving. 2. Fig.: Entanglement; toil; mesh; perplexity. 3. A series of connected pipes in rows or layers, as in a steam heating apparatus. Induction coil. (Elec.) See under Induction. Ruhmkorff's coil (Elec.), an induction coil, sometimes so called from Ruhmkorff, a prominent manufacturer of the apparatus.
De*duc"tion\, n. [L. deductio: cf. F. d['e]duction.]1. Act or process of deducing or inferring. The deduction of one language from another. --Johnson. This process, by which from two statements we deduce a third, is called deduction. --J. R. Seely. 2. Act of deducting or taking away; subtraction; as, the deduction of the subtrahend from the minuend. 3. That which is deduced or drawn from premises by a process of reasoning; an inference; a conclusion. Make fair deductions; see to what they mount. --Pope. 4. That which is deducted; the part taken away; abatement; as, a deduction from the yearly rent. Syn: See Induction.
In*duc"tion\, n. [L. inductio: cf. F. induction. See Induct.]1. The act or process of inducting or bringing in; introduction; entrance; beginning; commencement. I know not you; nor am I well pleased to make this time, as the affair now stands, the induction of your acquaintance. --Beau. & Fl. These promises are fair, the parties sure, And our induction dull of prosperous hope. --Shak. 2. An introduction or introductory scene, as to a play; a preface; a prologue. [Obs.] This is but an induction: I will d?aw The curtains of the tragedy hereafter. --Massinger. 3. (Philos.) The act or process of reasoning from a part to a whole, from particulars to generals, or from the individual to the universal; also, the result or inference so reached. Induction is an inference drawn from all the particulars. --Sir W. Hamilton. Induction is the process by which we conclude that what is true of certain individuals of a class, is true of the whole class, or that what is true at certain times will be true in similar circumstances at all times. --J. S. Mill. 4. The introduction of a clergyman into a benefice, or of an official into a office, with appropriate acts or ceremonies; the giving actual possession of an ecclesiastical living or its temporalities. 5. (Math.) A process of demonstration in which a general truth is gathered from an examination of particular cases, one of which is known to be true, the examination being so conducted that each case is made to depend on the preceding one; -- called also successive induction. 6. (Physics) The property by which one body, having electrical or magnetic polarity, causes or induces it in another body without direct contact; an impress of electrical or magnetic force or condition from one body on another without actual contact. Electro-dynamic induction, the action by which a variable or interrupted current of electricity excites another current in a neighboring conductor forming a closed circuit. Electro-magnetic induction, the influence by which an electric current produces magnetic polarity in certain bodies near or around which it passes. Electro-static induction, the action by which a body possessing a charge of statical electricity develops a charge of statical electricity of the opposite character in a neighboring body. Induction coil, an apparatus producing induced currents of great intensity. It consists of a coil or helix of stout insulated copper wire, surrounded by another coil of very fine insulated wire, in which a momentary current is induced, when a current (as from a voltaic battery), passing through the inner coil, is made, broken, or varied. The inner coil has within it a core of soft iron, and is connected at its terminals with a condenser; -- called also inductorium, and Ruhmkorff's coil. Induction pipe, port, or valve, a pipe, passageway, or valve, for leading or admitting a fluid to a receiver, as steam to an engine cylinder, or water to a pump. Magnetic induction, the action by which magnetic polarity is developed in a body susceptible to magnetic effects when brought under the influence of a magnet. Magneto-electric induction, the influence by which a magnet excites electric currents in closed circuits. Logical induction, (Philos.), an act or method of reasoning from all the parts separately to the whole which they constitute, or into which they may be united collectively; the operation of discovering and proving general propositions; the scientific method. Philosophical induction, the inference, or the act of inferring, that what has been observed or established in respect to a part, individual, or species, may, on the ground of analogy, be affirmed or received of the whole to which it belongs. This last is the inductive method of Bacon. It ascends from the parts to the whole, and forms, from the general analogy of nature, or special presumptions in the case, conclusions which have greater or less degrees of force, and which may be strengthened or weakened by subsequent experience and experiment. It relates to actual existences, as in physical science or the concerns of life. Logical induction is founded on the necessary laws of thought; philosophical induction, on the interpretation of the indications or analogy of nature. Syn: Deduction. Usage: Induction, Deduction. In induction we observe a sufficient number of individual facts, and, on the ground of analogy, extend what is true of them to others of the same class, thus arriving at general principles or laws. This is the kind of reasoning in physical science. In deduction we begin with a general truth, which is already proven or provisionally assumed, and seek to connect it with some particular case by means of a middle term, or class of objects, known to be equally connected with both. Thus, we bring down the general into the particular, affirming of the latter the distinctive qualities of the former. This is the syllogistic method. By induction Franklin established the identity of lightning and electricity; by deduction he inferred that dwellings might be protected by lightning rods.
In*duc"tion\, n. [L. inductio: cf. F. induction. See Induct.]1. The act or process of inducting or bringing in; introduction; entrance; beginning; commencement. I know not you; nor am I well pleased to make this time, as the affair now stands, the induction of your acquaintance. --Beau. & Fl. These promises are fair, the parties sure, And our induction dull of prosperous hope. --Shak. 2. An introduction or introductory scene, as to a play; a preface; a prologue. [Obs.] This is but an induction: I will d?aw The curtains of the tragedy hereafter. --Massinger. 3. (Philos.) The act or process of reasoning from a part to a whole, from particulars to generals, or from the individual to the universal; also, the result or inference so reached. Induction is an inference drawn from all the particulars. --Sir W. Hamilton. Induction is the process by which we conclude that what is true of certain individuals of a class, is true of the whole class, or that what is true at certain times will be true in similar circumstances at all times. --J. S. Mill. 4. The introduction of a clergyman into a benefice, or of an official into a office, with appropriate acts or ceremonies; the giving actual possession of an ecclesiastical living or its temporalities. 5. (Math.) A process of demonstration in which a general truth is gathered from an examination of particular cases, one of which is known to be true, the examination being so conducted that each case is made to depend on the preceding one; -- called also successive induction. 6. (Physics) The property by which one body, having electrical or magnetic polarity, causes or induces it in another body without direct contact; an impress of electrical or magnetic force or condition from one body on another without actual contact. Electro-dynamic induction, the action by which a variable or interrupted current of electricity excites another current in a neighboring conductor forming a closed circuit. Electro-magnetic induction, the influence by which an electric current produces magnetic polarity in certain bodies near or around which it passes. Electro-static induction, the action by which a body possessing a charge of statical electricity develops a charge of statical electricity of the opposite character in a neighboring body. Induction coil, an apparatus producing induced currents of great intensity. It consists of a coil or helix of stout insulated copper wire, surrounded by another coil of very fine insulated wire, in which a momentary current is induced, when a current (as from a voltaic battery), passing through the inner coil, is made, broken, or varied. The inner coil has within it a core of soft iron, and is connected at its terminals with a condenser; -- called also inductorium, and Ruhmkorff's coil. Induction pipe, port, or valve, a pipe, passageway, or valve, for leading or admitting a fluid to a receiver, as steam to an engine cylinder, or water to a pump. Magnetic induction, the action by which magnetic polarity is developed in a body susceptible to magnetic effects when brought under the influence of a magnet. Magneto-electric induction, the influence by which a magnet excites electric currents in closed circuits. Logical induction, (Philos.), an act or method of reasoning from all the parts separately to the whole which they constitute, or into which they may be united collectively; the operation of discovering and proving general propositions; the scientific method. Philosophical induction, the inference, or the act of inferring, that what has been observed or established in respect to a part, individual, or species, may, on the ground of analogy, be affirmed or received of the whole to which it belongs. This last is the inductive method of Bacon. It ascends from the parts to the whole, and forms, from the general analogy of nature, or special presumptions in the case, conclusions which have greater or less degrees of force, and which may be strengthened or weakened by subsequent experience and experiment. It relates to actual existences, as in physical science or the concerns of life. Logical induction is founded on the necessary laws of thought; philosophical induction, on the interpretation of the indications or analogy of nature. Syn: Deduction. Usage: Induction, Deduction. In induction we observe a sufficient number of individual facts, and, on the ground of analogy, extend what is true of them to others of the same class, thus arriving at general principles or laws. This is the kind of reasoning in physical science. In deduction we begin with a general truth, which is already proven or provisionally assumed, and seek to connect it with some particular case by means of a middle term, or class of objects, known to be equally connected with both. Thus, we bring down the general into the particular, affirming of the latter the distinctive qualities of the former. This is the syllogistic method. By induction Franklin established the identity of lightning and electricity; by deduction he inferred that dwellings might be protected by lightning rods.
In*duct"ive\, a. [LL. inductivus: cf. F. inductif. See Induce.]1. Leading or drawing; persuasive; tempting; -- usually followed by to. A brutish vice, Inductive mainly to the sin of Eve. --Milton. 2. Tending to induce or cause. [R.] They may be . . . inductive of credibility. --Sir M. Hale. 3. Leading to inferences; proceeding by, derived from, or using, induction; as, inductive reasoning. 4. (Physics) (a) Operating by induction; as, an inductive electrical machine. (b) Facilitating induction; susceptible of being acted upon by induction; as certain substances have a great inductive capacity. Inductive embarrassment (Physics), the retardation in signaling on an electric wire, produced by lateral induction. Inductivephilosophy or method. See Philosophical induction, under Induction. Inductive sciences, those sciences which admit of, and employ, the inductive method, as astronomy, botany, chemistry, etc.
Mag*net"ic\, Magnetical \Mag*net"ic*al\, a. [L. magneticus: cf. F. magn['e]tique.]1. Pertaining to the magnet; possessing the properties of the magnet, or corresponding properties; as, a magnetic bar of iron; a magnetic needle. 2. Of or pertaining to, or characterized by, the earth's magnetism; as, the magnetic north; the magnetic meridian. 3. Capable of becoming a magnet; susceptible to magnetism; as, the magnetic metals. 4. Endowed with extraordinary personal power to excite the feelings and to win the affections; attractive; inducing attachment. She that had all magnetic force alone. --Donne. 5. Having, susceptible to, or induced by, animal magnetism, so called; as, a magnetic sleep. See Magnetism. Magnetic amplitude, attraction, dip, induction, etc. See under Amplitude, Attraction, etc. Magnetic battery, a combination of bar or horseshoe magnets with the like poles adjacent, so as to act together with great power. Magnetic compensator, a contrivance connected with a ship's compass for compensating or neutralizing the effect of the iron of the ship upon the needle. Magnetic curves, curves indicating lines of magnetic force, as in the arrangement of iron filings between the poles of a powerful magnet. Magnetic elements. (a) (Chem. Physics) Those elements, as iron, nickel, cobalt, chromium, manganese, etc., which are capable or becoming magnetic. (b) (Physics) In respect to terrestrial magnetism, the declination, inclination, and intensity. (c) See under Element. Magnetic equator, the line around the equatorial parts of the earth at which there is no dip, the dipping needle being horizontal. Magnetic field, or Field of magnetic force, any space through which magnet exerts its influence. Magnetic fluid, the hypothetical fluid whose existence was formerly assumed in the explanations of the phenomena of magnetism. Magnetic iron, or Magnetic iron ore. (Min.) Same as Magnetite. Magnetic needle, a slender bar of steel, magnetized and suspended at its center on a sharp-pointed pivot, or by a delicate fiber, so that it may take freely the direction of the magnetic meridian. It constitutes the essential part of a compass, such as the mariner's and the surveyor's. Magnetic poles, the two points in the opposite polar regions of the earth at which the direction of the dipping needle is vertical. Magnetic pyrites. See Pyrrhotite. Magnetic storm (Terrestrial Physics), a disturbance of the earth's magnetic force characterized by great and sudden changes. Magnetic telegraph, a telegraph acting by means of a magnet. See Telegraph.
Rea"son*ing\, n. 1. The act or process of adducing a reason or reasons; manner of presenting one's reasons. 2. That which is offered in argument; proofs or reasons when arranged and developed; course of argument. His reasoning was sufficiently profound. --Macaulay. Syn: Argumentation; argument. Usage: Reasoning, Argumentation. Few words are more interchanged than these; and yet, technically, there is a difference between them. Reasoning is the broader term, including both deduction and induction. Argumentation denotes simply the former, and descends from the whole to some included part; while reasoning embraces also the latter, and ascends from a part to a whole. See Induction. Reasoning is occupied with ideas and their relations; argumentation has to do with the forms of logic. A thesis is set down: you attack, I defend it; you insist, I prove; you distinguish, I destroy your distinctions; my replies balance or overturn your objections. Such is argumentation. It supposes that there are two sides, and that both agree to the same rules. Reasoning, on the other hand, is often a natural process, by which we form, from the general analogy of nature, or special presumptions in the case, conclusions which have greater or less degrees of force, and which may be strengthened or weakened by subsequent experience.
Suc*ces"sive\, a. [Cf. F. successif. See Succeed.]1. Following in order or in uninterrupted course; coming after without interruption or interval; following one after another in a line or series; consecutive; as, the successive revolution of years; the successive kings of Egypt; successive strokes of a hammer. Send the successive ills through ages down. --Prior. 2. Having or giving the right of succeeding to an inheritance; inherited by succession; hereditary; as, a successive title; a successive empire. [Obs.] --Shak. Successive induction. (Math.) See Induction, 5.
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