(in the French Revolution) a member of a radical society or club of revolutionaries that promoted the Reign of Terror and other extreme measures, active chiefly from 1789 to 1794: so called from the Dominican convent in Paris, where they originally met.
a member of the most radical club founded during the French Revolution, which overthrew the Girondists in 1793 and, led by Robespierre, instituted the Reign of Terror
2.
a leftist or extreme political radical
3.
a French Dominican friar
4.
(sometimes not capital) a variety of fancy pigeon with a hood of feathers swept up over and around the head
—adj
5.
of, characteristic of, or relating to the Jacobins or their policies
[C14: from Old French, from Medieval Latin Jacōbīnus, from Late Latin Jacōbus James; applied to the Dominicans, from the proximity of the church of St Jacques (St James) to their first convent in Paris; the political club originally met in the convent in 1789]
early 14c., of the order of Dominican friars whose order built its first convent near the church of Saint-Jacques in Paris. The Revolutionary extremists took up quarters there 1789. Used generically of radicals and reformers since 1793.