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Sheer

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sheer

1[sheer] adjective, -er, -est, adverb, noun
–adjective
1. transparently thin; diaphanous, as some fabrics: sheer stockings.
2. unmixed with anything else: We drilled a hundred feet through sheer rock.
3. unqualified; utter: sheer nonsense.
4. extending down or up very steeply; almost completely vertical: a sheer descent of rock.
5. British Obsolete. bright; shining.
–adverb
6. clear; completely; quite: ran sheer into the thick of battle.
7. perpendicularly; vertically; down or up very steeply.
–noun
8. a thin, diaphanous material, as chiffon or voile.

Origin:
1175–1225; ME scere, shere, schere free, clear, bright, thin; prob. < ON skǣrr; change of sk- > s(c)h- perh. by influence of the related OE scīr (E dial. shire clear, pure, thin); c. G schier, ON skīr, Goth skeirs clear; see shine


sheerly, adverb
sheerness, noun


2. mere, simple, pure, unadulterated. 3. absolute, downright. 4. abrupt, precipitous. 6. totally, entirely.


1. opaque.

sheer

2[sheer]
–verb (used without object)
1. to deviate from a course, as a ship; swerve.
–verb (used with object)
2. to cause to sheer.
3. Shipbuilding. to give sheer to (a hull).
–noun
4. a deviation or divergence, as of a ship from its course; swerve.
5. Shipbuilding. the fore-and-aft upward curve of the hull of a vessel at the main deck or bulwarks.
6. Nautical. the position in which a ship at anchor is placed to keep it clear of the anchor.

Origin:
1620–30; special use of sheer 1 ; cf. sense development of clear
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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sheer 1   (shîr)   
intr. & tr.v.   sheered, sheer·ing, sheers
To swerve or cause to swerve from a course.
n.  
  1. A swerving or deviating course.

  2. Nautical

    1. The upward curve or amount of upward curve of the longitudinal lines of a ship's hull as viewed from the side.

    2. The position in which a ship at anchor is maintained in order to keep it clear of the anchor.


[Probably partly from Low German scheren, to move to and fro (said of boats), and partly from Dutch scheren, to withdraw; see sker-1 in Indo-European roots.]
sheer 2   (shîr)   
adj.   sheer·er, sheer·est
  1. Thin, fine, and transparent: sheer curtains; sheer chiffon. See Synonyms at airy.

    1. Completely such, without qualification or exception: sheer stupidity; sheer happiness.

    2. Free from admixture or adulterants; unmixed: sheer alcohol. See Synonyms at pure.

    3. Considered or operating apart from anything else: got the job through sheer persistence.

  2. Almost perpendicular; steep: sheer rock cliffs. See Synonyms at steep1.

adv.  
  1. Almost perpendicularly.

  2. Completely; altogether.


[Obsolete shere, thin, clear, partly from Middle English shir, bright, clear (from Old English scīr) and partly from Middle English skir, bright, clean (from Old Norse skærr).]
sheer'ly adv., sheer'ness n.
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Word Origin & History

sheer 
c.1205, "exempt, free from guilt," later schiere "thin, sparse" (c.1400), from O.E. scir "bright, clear," influenced by O.N. cognate scær "bright, clean, pure," from P.Gmc. *skairijaz (cf. O.S. skiri, O.Fris. skire, Ger. schier, Goth. skeirs "clean, pure"), perhaps from PIE base *skai- "to shine" (see shine). Sense of "absolute, utter" (sheer nonsense) developed 1583; that of "very steep" (sheer cliff) is first recorded 1800.
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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