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Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1) - Cite This Source - Share This

ze·nith

Audio Help [zee-nith or, especially Brit., zen-ith] Pronunciation Key

–noun

1.	the point on the celestial sphere vertically above a given position or observer. Compare nadir.

2.	a highest point or state; culmination.

[Origin: 1350–1400; ME cenith < ML < OSp zenit, scribal error for zemt < Ar samt road, incorrectly read as senit by medieval scribes (cf. Ar samt ar-rās road above (over) one's head, the opposite of nadir)

]

—Synonyms 2. apex, summit.

—Antonyms 1, 2. nadir.

Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1)
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2006.

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American Heritage Dictionary - Cite This Source - Share This

ze·nith Audio Help (zē'nĭth) Pronunciation Key
n.

The point on the celestial sphere that is directly above the observer.
The upper region of the sky.
The highest point above the observer's horizon attained by a celestial body.
The point of culmination; the peak: the zenith of her career. See Synonyms at summit.

[Middle English senith, from Old French cenith, from Medieval Latin, from Arabic samt (ar-ra's), path (over the head), from Latin sēmita, path; see mei-¹ in Indo-European roots.]

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The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2006 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Online Etymology Dictionary - Cite This Source - Share This
zenith

1387, from O.Fr. cenith (Fr. zénith), from M.L. cenit, senit, bungled scribal transliteration of Arabic samt "road, path," abbreviation of samt ar-ras, lit. "the way over the head." Letter -m- misread as -ni-. The M.L. word may as well be influenced by the rough agreement of the Arabic term with classical L. semita "sidetrack, side path" (notion of "thing going off to the side"), from se- "apart" + *mi-ta-, suffixed zero-grade form of PIE base *mei- "to change" (see mutable).

WordNet - Cite This Source - Share This

zenith
noun
the point above the observer that is directly opposite the nadir on the imaginary sphere against which celestial bodies appear to be projected [ant: nadir]

Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary (Beta Version) - Cite This Source - Share This
zenith [ˈzeniθ] noun

the highest point
Example: The sun reaches its zenith at midday.

Arabic:	سَمْت، أوْج، أعْلى نُقْطَه
Chinese (Simplified):	顶点
Chinese (Traditional):	頂點
Czech:	zenit
Danish:	top; zenit
Dutch:	zenit
Estonian:	seniit
Finnish:	zeniitti
French:	zénith
German:	der Zenit
Greek:	ζενίθ, απόγειο
Hungarian:	tetőpont
Icelandic:	hvirfilpunktur, hápunktur
Indonesian:	titik tertinggi
Italian:	zenit

Japanese:	天頂
Korean:	절정
Latvian:	zenīts
Lithuanian:	zenitas
Norwegian:	topp, høyeste punkt, senit
Polish:	zenit
Portuguese (Brazil):	zênite
Portuguese (Portugal):	zénite
Romanian:	zenit
Russian:	зенит
Slovak:	zenit
Slovenian:	zenit
Spanish:	cénit
Swedish:	zenit
Turkish:	zirve, zenit

The American Heritage Science Dictionary - Cite This Source - Share This

zenith Audio Help (zē'nĭth) Pronunciation Key
The point on the celestial sphere that is directly above the observer (90 degrees above the celestial horizon). Compare nadir.

The American Heritage® Science Dictionary
Copyright © 2002 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary - Cite This Source - Share This

Zenith

Az"i*muth\, n. [OE. azimut, F. azimut, fr. Ar. as-sum?t, pl. of as-samt a way, or perh., a point of the horizon and a circle extending to it from the zenith, as being the Arabic article: cf. It. azzimutto, Pg. azimuth, and Ar. samt-al-r[=a]'s the vertex of the heaven. Cf. Zenith.] (Astron. & Geodesy) (a) The quadrant of an azimuth circle. (b) An arc of the horizon intercepted between the meridian of the place and a vertical circle passing through the center of any object; as, the azimuth of a star; the azimuth or bearing of a line surveying.

Note: In trigonometrical surveying, it is customary to reckon the azimuth of a line from the south point of the horizon around by the west from 0[deg] to 360[deg].

Azimuth circle, or Vertical circle, one of the great circles of the sphere intersecting each other in the zenith and nadir, and cutting the horizon at right angles. --Hutton.

Azimuth compass, a compass resembling the mariner's compass, but having the card divided into degrees instead of rhumbs, and having vertical sights; used for taking the magnetic azimuth of a heavenly body, in order to find, by comparison with the true azimuth, the variation of the needle.

Azimuth dial, a dial whose stile or gnomon is at right angles to the plane of the horizon. --Hutton.

Magnetic azimuth, an arc of the horizon, intercepted between the vertical circle passing through any object and the magnetic meridian. This is found by observing the object with an azimuth compass.

Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary - Cite This Source - Share This

Zenith

Na"dir\, n. [F., Sp., & It. nadir; all fr. Ar. nas[=i]ru's samt nadir, prop., the point opposite the zenith (as samt), in which nas[=i]r means alike, corresponding to. Cf. Azimuth, Zenith.]

1. That point of the heavens, or lower hemisphere, directly opposite the zenith; the inferior pole of the horizon; the point of the celestial sphere directly under the place where we stand.

2. The lowest point; the time of greatest depression.

The seventh century is the nadir of the human mind in Europe. --Hallam.

Nadir of the sun (Astron.), the axis of the conical shadow projected by the earth. --Crabb.

Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary - Cite This Source - Share This

Zenith

Ze"nith\ (?; 277), n. [OE. senyth, OF. cenith, F. z['e]nith, Sp. zenit, cenit, abbrev. fr. Ar. samt-urras way of the head, vertical place; samt way, path + al the + ras head. Cf. Azimuth.]

1. That point in the visible celestial hemisphere which is vertical to the spectator; the point of the heavens directly overhead; -- opposed to nadir.

From morn To noon he fell, from noon to dewy eve, A summer's day; and with the setting sun Dropped from the zenith, like a falling star. --Milton.

2. hence, figuratively, the point of culmination; the greatest height; the height of success or prosperity.

I find my zenith doth depend upon A most auspicious star. --Shak.

This dead of midnight is the noon of thought, And wisdom mounts her zenith with the stars. --Mrs. Barbauld.

It was during those civil troubles . . . this aspiring family reached the zenith. --Macaulay.

Zenith distance. (Astron.) See under Distance.

Zenith sector. (Astron.) See Sector, 3.

Zenith telescope (Geodesy), a telescope specially designed for determining the latitude by means of any two stars which pass the meridian about the same time, and at nearly equal distances from the zenith, but on opposite sides of it. It turns both on a vertical and a horizontal axis, is provided with a graduated vertical semicircle, and a level for setting it to a given zenith distance, and with a micrometer for measuring the difference of the zenith distances of the two stars.

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