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astigmatism

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a⋅stig⋅ma⋅tism

[uh-stig-muh-tiz-uhm]
–noun
1. Also called a⋅stig⋅mi⋅a [uh-stig-mee-uh] . Ophthalmology. a refractive error of the eye in which parallel rays of light from an external source do not converge on a single focal point on the retina.
2. Optics. an aberration of a lens or other optical system in which the image of a point is spread out along the axis of the system.

Origin:
1840–50; astigmat(ic) + -ism
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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a·stig·ma·tism   (ə-stĭg'mə-tĭz'əm)   
n.  A visual defect in which the unequal curvature of one or more refractive surfaces of the eye, usually the cornea, prevents light rays from focusing clearly at one point on the retina, resulting in blurred vision.

[a-1 + Greek stigma, stigmat-, point (from stizein, stig-, to tattoo; see steig- in Indo-European roots).]
as'tig·mat'ic (ās'tĭg-māt'ĭk) adj. & n., as'tig·mat'i·cal·ly adv.
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Cultural Dictionary

astigmatism [(uh-stig-muh-tiz-uhm)]

A condition in which the curvature of the cornea of the eye is uneven, causing a blurring of vision. Astigmatism is normally corrected by glasses.

The American Heritage® New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition
Copyright © 2005 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Word Origin & History

astigmatism 
coined (in form astigmatic) 1849 by English scientist William Whewell (1794-1866), from Gk. a- "without" + stigmatos gen. of stigma "a mark, spot, puncture."
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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Medical Dictionary

Main Entry: astig·ma·tism
Pronunciation: &-'stig-m&-"tiz-&m
Function: noun
1 : a defect of an optical system (as a lens)causing rays from a point to fail to meet in a focal point resulting in a blurred and imperfect image
2 : a defect of vision due to astigmatism of the refractive system of the eyeand especially to corneal irregularity —compare EMMETROPIA, MYOPIA
Merriam-Webster's Medical Dictionary, © 2002 Merriam-Webster, Inc.
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Medical Dictionary

astigmatism a·stig·ma·tism (ə-stĭg'mə-tĭz'əm)
n.
A condition in which unequal curvatures along the different meridians in one or more of the refractive surfaces of the eye cause the rays from a light source not to be focused at a single point on the retina. Also called astigmia.


as'tig·mat'ic (ās'tĭg-māt'ĭk) adj. & n.

The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary
Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.
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Science Dictionary
astigmatism   (ə-stĭg'mə-tĭz'əm)  Pronunciation Key 


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A visual defect in which the unequal curvature of one or more refractive surfaces of the eye, usually the cornea, prevents light rays from focusing clearly at a single point on the retina, resulting in blurred vision.
The American Heritage® Science Dictionary
Copyright © 2002. Published by Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved.
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