in·mate

[in-meyt]
noun
1.
a person who is confined in a prison, hospital, etc.
2.
Archaic. a person who dwells with others in the same house.

Origin:
1580–90; in-1 + mate1

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2013.
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Collins
World English Dictionary
inmate (ˈɪnˌmeɪt) [Click for IPA pronunciation guide]
 
n
1.  See also resident a person who is confined to an institution such as a prison or hospital
2.  obsolete a person who lives with others in a house

Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition
2009 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009
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00:10
Inmate is always a great word to know.
So is callithumpian. Does it mean:
a children's mummer's parade, as on the Fourth of July, with prizes for the best costumes.
a scrap or morsel of food left at a meal.
Etymonline
Word Origin & History

inmate
1589, "one allowed to live in a house rented by another" (usually for a consideration), from in "inside" + mate "companion." Sense of "one confined to an institution" is first attested 1834.
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper
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Example sentences
Instead, the military is offering millions to vastly expand the center's inmate
  intake.
In prison he organised the killing of another inmate.
Eventually exhaustion will kick in and you lose the inmate.
Answers to frequently asked questions about inmate finances.
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