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manganese

[mang-guh-nees, -neez]

Origin

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noun Chemistry.

a hard, brittle, grayish-white, metallic element, an oxide of which, MnO₂ (manganese dioxide), is a valuable oxidizing agent: used chiefly as an alloying agent in steel to give it toughness. Symbol: Mn; atomic weight: 54.938; atomic number: 25; specific gravity: 7.2 at 20°C.

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Origin:
1670–80; < French manganèse < Italian manganese, alteration of Medieval Latin magnesia magnesia

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Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2012.
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Manganese is always a great word to know.

So is coke. Does it mean:

any of the electronegative elements, fluorine, chlorine, iodine, bromine, and astatine, that form binary salts by direct union with metals

the solid product resulting from the distillation of coal in an oven or closed chamber or by imperfect combustion, consisting principally of carbon

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Collins

World English Dictionary

manganese (ˈmæŋɡəˌniːz)

—n
	a brittle greyish-white metallic element that exists in four allotropic forms, occurring principally in pyrolusite and rhodonite: used in making steel and ferromagnetic alloys. Symbol: Mn; atomic no: 25; atomic wt: 54.93805; valency: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, or 7; relative density: 7.21--7.44; melting pt: 1246±3°C; boiling pt: 2062°C

[C17: via French from Italian manganese, probably altered form of Medieval Latin magnesia]

Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition
2009 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
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Etymonline

Word Origin & History

manganese

1676, from Fr. manganèse (16c.), from It. manganese, alt. of M.L. magnesia (see magnesia).

American Heritage

Medical Dictionary

manganese man·ga·nese (māng'gə-nēz', -nēs')
n.
Symbol Mn
A brittle metallic element, having several allotropes. It is alloyed with steel to increase strength. Atomic number 25; atomic weight 54.9380; melting point 1,246°C; boiling point 2,061°C; specific gravity 7.21 to 7.44; valence 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7.

American Heritage

Science Dictionary

manganese

(māng'gə-nēz') Pronunciation Key
Symbol Mn
A grayish-white, hard, brittle metallic element that occurs in several different minerals and in nodules on the ocean floor. It is used to increase the hardness and strength of steel and other important alloys. Atomic number 25; atomic weight 54.9380; melting point 1,244°C; boiling point 1,962°C; specific gravity 7.21 to 7.44; valence 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7. See Periodic Table.

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