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| 1. | the practice of making accusations of disloyalty, esp. of pro-Communist activity, in many instances unsupported by proof or based on slight, doubtful, or irrelevant evidence. |
| 2. | the practice of making unfair allegations or using unfair investigative techniques, esp. in order to restrict dissent or political criticism. |
The extreme opposition to communism shown by Senator Joseph R. McCarthy and his supporters in the 1940s and 1950s.
Note: McCarthyism has become a general term for the hysterical investigation of a government's opponents or the publicizing of accusations against these opponents without sufficient evidence to support the charges.