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mole

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mole

1[mohl]
–noun
1. any of various small insectivorous mammals, esp. of the family Talpidae, living chiefly underground, and having velvety fur, very small eyes, and strong forefeet.
2. a spy who becomes part of and works from within the ranks of an enemy governmental staff or intelligence agency. Compare double agent.
3. Machinery. a large, powerful machine for boring through earth or rock, used in the construction of tunnels.

Origin:
1350–1400; ME molle; akin to MD, MLG mol

mole

2[mohl]
–noun
a small, congenital spot or blemish on the human skin, usually of a dark color, slightly elevated, and sometimes hairy; nevus.

Origin:
bef. 1000; ME; OE māl; c. OHG meil spot, Goth mail wrinkle

mole

3[mohl]
–noun
1. a massive structure, esp. of stone, set up in the water, as for a breakwater or a pier.
2. an anchorage or harbor protected by such a structure.

Origin:
1540–50; < L mōlēs mass, dam, mole

mole

4[mohl]
–noun Chemistry.
the molecular weight of a substance expressed in grams; gram molecule.
Also, mol.


Origin:
1900–05; < G Mol, short for Molekül molecule

mole

5[mohl]
–noun Pathology.
a fleshy mass in the uterus formed by a hemorrhagic dead ovum.

Origin:
1605–15; < NL mola, special use of mola millstone

mo⋅le

6[moh-ley; Sp. maw-le]
–noun Mexican Cookery.
a spicy sauce flavored with chocolate, usually served with turkey or chicken.

Origin:
1925–30; < MexSp < Nahuatl mōlli sauce; cf. guacamole
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
Cite This Source Link To mole
mole 1   (mōl)   
n.  A small congenital growth on the human skin, usually slightly raised and dark and sometimes hairy, especially a pigmented nevus.

[Middle English, from Old English māl.]
mole 2   (mōl)   
n.  
  1. Any of various small insectivorous mammals of the family Talpidae, usually living underground and having thickset bodies with light brown to dark gray silky fur, rudimentary eyes, tough muzzles, and strong forefeet for burrowing.

  2. A machine that bores through hard surfaces, used especially for tunneling through rock.

  3. A spy who operates from within an organization, especially a double agent operating against his or her own government from within its intelligence establishment.


[Middle English molle; possibly akin to mold3.]
mole 3   (mōl)   
n.  
  1. A massive, usually stone wall constructed in the sea, used as a breakwater and built to enclose or protect an anchorage or a harbor.

  2. The anchorage or harbor enclosed by a mole.


[French môle, from Italian molo, from Late Greek mōlos, from Latin mōlēs, mass, mole.]
mole 4   (mōl)   
n.  A fleshy abnormal mass formed in the uterus by the degeneration or abortive development of an ovum.

[French môle, from Latin mola, millstone, mole; see melə- in Indo-European roots.]
mole 5   (mōl)   
n.   Abbr. mol
  1. The amount of a substance that contains as many atoms, molecules, ions, or other elementary units as the number of atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon 12. The number is 6.0225 × 1023, or Avogadro's number. Also called gram molecule.

  2. The mass in grams of this amount of a substance, numerically equal to the molecular weight of the substance. Also called gram-molecular weight. See Table at measurement.


[German Mol, short for Molekulargewicht, molecular weight, from molekular, molecular, from French moléculaire, from molécule, molecule; see molecule.]
mo·le 6   (mō'lā')   
n.  Any of various spicy sauces of Mexican origin, usually having a base of onion, chilies, nuts or seeds, and unsweetened chocolate and served with meat or poultry.

[American Spanish, from Nahuatl mōlli.]
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Word Origin & History

mole  (1)
"spot on skin," O.E. mal "spot, mark," especially on cloth or linen, from P.Gmc. *mailan "spot, mark" (cf. O.H.G. meil, Ger. Mal, Goth. mail "wrinkle"), from PIE base *mei-/*mai- "to stain, defile" (cf. Gk. miainein "to stain, defile," see miasma). Of human skin, attested from 1398.

mole  (2)
"burrowing mammal," 1398, probably from obsolete mouldwarp, lit. "earth-thrower" (common Gmc., cf. O.S. moldwerp, O.H.G. multwurf), from to O.E. molde "earth, soil" (see mold (3)) + weorpan "to throw away" (see warp). Spy sense first recorded 1974 in John le Carré, from notion of "burrowing." Metaphoric use for "one who works in darkness" is from 1601.
"To much amplifying thinges yt. be but small, makyng mountaines of Molehils." [John Foxe, "Acts and Monuments," 1570]

mole  (3)
"breakwater," 1548, from M.Fr. môle "breakwater," from L. moles "mass, massive structure, barrier," from PIE base *mo- "to exert oneself."

mole  (4)
unit of molecular mass, 1902, from Ger. Mol (1900), short for Molekül (see molecule).
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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Medical Dictionary

Main Entry: 1mole
Pronunciation: 'mOl
Function: noun
: a pigmented spot, mark, or small permanent protuberance on the human body;especially : NEVUS

Main Entry: 2mole
Function: noun
: an abnormal mass in the uterus: a : a blood clot containing a degenerated fetus and its membranes b : HYDATIDIFORM MOLE

Main Entry: 3mole
Variant: also mol /'mOl/
Function: noun
: the base unit in the International System of Units for the amount ofpure substance that contains the same number of elementary entities as there are atoms in exactly 12 grams of the isotope carbon 12 mole of photons> mole of sodiumchloride>
Medical Dictionary

mole 1 (mōl)
n.
A small congenital growth on the skin, usually slightly raised and dark and sometimes hairy, especially a pigmented nevus. Also called nevus pigmentosus.

mole 2
n.

  1. A fleshy abnormal mass formed in the uterus by the degeneration or abortive development of an ovum.

  2. See hydatidiform mole.

mole 3 or mol (mōl)
n.

  1. The amount of a substance that contains as many atoms, molecules, ions, or other elementary units as the number of atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon 12. The number is 6.0225 × 1023, or Avogadro's number. Also called gram molecule.

  2. The mass in grams of this amount of a substance, numerically equal to the molecular weight of the substance. Also called gram-molecular weight.

The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary
Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.
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Bible Dictionary

Mole

Heb. tinshameth (Lev. 11:30), probably signifies some species of lizard (rendered in R.V., "chameleon"). In Lev. 11:18, Deut. 14:16, it is rendered, in Authorized Version, "swan" (R.V., "horned owl"). The Heb. holed (Lev. 11:29), rendered "weasel," was probably the mole-rat. The true mole (Talpa Europoea) is not found in Palestine. The mole-rat (Spalax typhlus) "is twice the size of our mole, with no external eyes, and with only faint traces within of the rudimentary organ; no apparent ears, but, like the mole, with great internal organs of hearing; a strong, bare snout, and with large gnawing teeth; its colour a pale slate; its feet short, and provided with strong nails; its tail only rudimentary." In Isa. 2:20, this word is the rendering of two words _haphar peroth_, which are rendered by Gesenius "into the digging of rats", i.e., rats' holes. But these two Hebrew words ought probably to be combined into one (lahporperoth) and translated "to the moles", i.e., the rat-moles. This animal "lives in underground communities, making large subterranean chambers for its young and for storehouses, with many runs connected with them, and is decidedly partial to the loose debris among ruins and stone-heaps, where it can form its chambers with least trouble."

Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary
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