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molecules

[mol-uh-kyool]

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noun

Chemistry, Physics. the smallest physical unit of an element or compound, consisting of one or more like atoms in an element and two or more different atoms in a compound.

Chemistry. a quantity of a substance, the weight of which, measured in any chosen unit, is numerically equal to the molecular weight; gram molecule.

any very small particle.

Origin:
1785–95; earlier molecula < Neo-Latin, equivalent to Latin mōlē(s) mass + -cula -cule¹

Related forms

sub·mol·e·cule, noun

su·per·mol·e·cule, noun

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2012.
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Molecules is always a great word to know.

So is ninnyhammer. Does it mean:

a chattering or flighty, light-headed person.

a fool or simpleton; ninny.

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Example Sentences

In efforts to create motors and other machines on the scale of molecules the devices have to walk before they can run.

Carter's work is about the fundamental shifts that molecules can undergo when some outside influence.

This, as its name suggests, works out the weight of the molecules in each component.

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In efforts to create motors and other machines on the scale of molecules the devices have to walk before they can run.

Carter's work is about the fundamental shifts that molecules can undergo when some outside influence.

This, as its name suggests, works out the weight of the molecules in each component.

Scientists already suspected birds' eyes contain molecules that.

Molecules could one day work as quantum computers.

One explained how to measure the size of molecules in a.

The earliest microbes that survived on land may have synthesized fat molecules to prevent their death from dehydration.

Bernstein discovered a way to control the speed, direction and orientation of single molecules and atoms accelerated in beams.

The trick to its absorbency is in the way those building-block molecules are arranged.

The molecules in such liquids are closely packed, but loosely arranged.

Researchers can attach the fluorescent molecules to a protein inside a dividing cancer cell or a spreading virus.

Mathematical patterns rule the behaviour of molecules in the nucleus.

But it only triggers the umami taste when it reaches the tongue in a free state, unbound to other molecules.

However, medicinal chemists are hard at work making molecules that will take a smarter approach to fighting the disease.

Because the molecules are larger than sodium and chlorine atoms, they do not stack as neatly.

But even gene scientists today say they are struggling with the many permutations of those four molecules.

Melanocortins are small protein molecules that carry messages between nerve cells in the brain.

To unlock the cellulose molecules from the lignin, the feedstock is often pretreated with heat and acid.

Organic molecules inside space rock were probably the result of plain old chemistry.

Their molecules turn on a cell's own built-in disease-fighting mechanisms.

Our cells are perpetually devouring themselves, shredding their own complex molecules to pieces and recycling them for new.

Molecules are constantly changing and rearranging their atoms in chemical reactions to form new molecules and compounds.

The other is a way of topping up the level of the healing molecules once some of them have been used.

Scientists learned how to attach the molecules to cells and proteins inside the bodies of other living.

Marbles are more difficult to understand than atoms or molecules.

The molecules haven't yet achieved self-replication, the ultimate benchmark of life, but they hint at it.

At the smallest scale, they use quantum mechanics to predict the behavior of subatomic particles and small molecules.

Many images are of gels, which are ways to detect proteins or other molecules in a sample, and often they are blurry.

Workaday nerve cells use molecules called glutamic acid and gamma aminobutyric acid.

Two species of locust tested so far also have the same bacteria-killing molecules in their tiny heads.

For particles such as air molecules that are much smaller than the wavelengths of visible light the difference is dramatic.

Water ice and organic molecules have been discovered on the surface of an asteroid for the first time.

It is rich in carbon, raising the possibility that it is full of the molecules that could serve as the building blocks for life.

When a gene is active it produces messenger molecules that tell cells what to.

The lights appear when electrically charged particles from the sun collide with air molecules over.

Energy-driven networks of small molecules afford better odds as the.

Chemists have created a collection of molecules that may have effects superior to marijuana.

For the treatment, researchers attached molecules of transferrin to molecules of diphtheria toxin.

It breaks glucose down into molecules called pyruvate that are fed to the mitochondria for processing.

Water molecules found in human hair closely resemble those in the.

Our techniques are being applied to handle such individual molecules as large polymers.

The research into the activity of these molecules could eventually yield an obesity drug, scientists say.

Hemoglobin is the protein in blood that binds to oxygen molecules and carries them throughout the body.

But the details often remain vague-in particular, the details of which molecules are having which clinical effects.

Zero-point energy is a real type of energy produced by the miniscule movements of molecules at rest.

The starch molecules need water molecules to form their crystal structure.

So, the liquid water has some water molecules in it.

The molecules of water and alcohol each occupy a certain volume in pure solutions of each.

Serotonin is one of the messenger molecules that carry signals between nerve cells in the brain.

But these powerful molecules can also inadvertently kill off some of the coral's healthy cells.

Molecules may help young brain cells forge the right connections-but only at the right time and place.

The water is at a certain temperature, but some of the liquid water molecules have more energy that others.

Oxidation is a natural process in the body that occurs from chemical combinations with unstable molecules.

As glucose molecules release electrons, and oxygen molecules absorb them, an electric current flows.

Every time a human being moves, he or she has to push millions of air molecules out of the way.

Smog--a toxic brew of chemicals and molecules such as ozone--seems to exacerbate.

Most allergic reactions to peanuts are triggered by the same eleven molecules.

These molecules are known as oxygen-free radicals or oxidants.

The long one produces more transporter-protein molecules than the short one.

The molecules contain the blueprint for biological development, determining everything from hair color to blood type.

One sees a transition between the fixed behavior of individual atoms and molecules and the adjustable behavior of collectives.

And perhaps down the road, the yet-unidentified molecules will prove useful in fighting infections in people.

There is a cascade of inflammatory molecules novel to the brain''.

Add a bit of pressure and that openness will accommodate gas molecules.

They are formed of simple molecules or individual elements arranged in repeating chains, sheets, or three-dimensional arrays.

For both of the reactions shown, the hydrogen molecules are oxidized and the oxygen atoms are reduced.

Breaking these molecules apart would release oxygen that could react with the abundant hydrogen to form water.

Water allows molecules to dissolve and interact, which is why it is essential to life.

Antibodies are protein molecules that serve as the workhorses of the immune system.

Bird viruses prefer to bind with molecules located deep within the lungs.

The pigs can still manufacture the sugar molecules with the one active copy of the gene, though.

So the beauty scientists came up with a whole new chemistry for getting the lightening molecules inside the hair.

Animated images depicting how cells internalize molecules on the cell surface.

When the body sustains an injury, molecules called notification proteins are produced at the site.

The glucose limits ice formation in the body and binds water molecules within the frog's cells.

They discovered that the reaction takes place when by chance some water molecules surround another one in a particular formation.

Also an aerosol propellant, liquid butane loosens carbon molecules that conglomerate when other elements evaporate at high temps.

Plastics are made of long strands of carbon-based molecules known as polymers.

Isoprene is a monomer, which is a substance whose molecules can be linked together chemically to form a polymer.

In the future they might have solar-powered electrolyzers that split water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen.

These molecules make the immune response spring back to life.

Instead, they measured the light emitted from carbon monoxide molecules.

As the prey tries to run away, some of the venom molecules prevent clotting, causing it to bleed more.

Most plastics are made by coaxing the carbon-containing compounds found in oil into long molecules called polymers.

As a result, a person inhales fewer oxygen molecules with each breath.

Scientists tested a nasal spray with two such molecules on mice infected with the plague.

As these molecules rotate, they shift from one energy state to another.

Heat shrinks the plant cells and transforms molecules in the cell walls into pectin, which dissolves.

They put little spies into the molecules and send radio signals to them, and they have to radio back what.

The molecules of the soil or streambed would become smaller and simpler.

Level three explains how the molecules work, and level four tells you how they are made.

But sea air is packed full of crud, from dense water particles to salt molecules and regular pollution.

Then he reconstructed the molecules in different combinations to help solve basic problems in biology.

These react with nearby metal atoms and form tough, protective films a few molecules thick to ameliorate the damage.

Auroras happen when energized particles form the sun interact with air molecules and give them extra charge.

Stories focusing on cells address the origin and structure of key organic molecules and how complex cells came into being.

The molecules of her arm blended with the molecules in the wall.

When the gas comes into contact with water it is absorbed by water molecules and rises into the atmosphere.

It breaks starch molecules into more digestible fragments.

The primordial universe also wouldn't have contained the molecules necessary to form dust.

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Etymonline

Word Origin & History

molecule

1794, "extremely minute particle," from Fr. molécule (1678), from Mod.L. molecula, dim. of L. moles "mass, barrier" (see mole (3)). A vague meaning at first; the vogue for the word (used until late 18c. only in Latin form) can be traced to the philosophy of Descartes.

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First used in modern scientific sense by Amedeo Avogadro (1811).

COLLAPSE

American Heritage

Medical Dictionary

molecule mol·e·cule (mŏl'ĭ-ky&oomacr;l')
n.
The smallest particle into which an element or a compound can be divided without changing its chemical and physical properties; a group of atoms that is held together chemically.

American Heritage

Science Dictionary

molecule

(mŏl'ĭ-ky

l') Pronunciation Key
A group of two or more atoms linked together by sharing electrons in a chemical bond. Molecules are the fundamental components of chemical compounds and are the smallest part of a compound that can participate in a chemical reaction.

American Heritage

Cultural Dictionary

molecule [(mol-uh-kyoohl)]

A combination of two or more atoms held together by a force between them. (See covalent bond and ionic bond.)

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Matching Quote

"The following general definition of an animal: a system of different organic molecules that have combined with one another, under the impulsion of a sensation similar to an obtuse and muffled sense of touch given to them by the creator of matter as a whole, until each one of them has found the most suitable position for its shape and comfort."

-Denis Diderot

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