mid-14c., "to shoot, run, or pass beyond (a point or limit)," over + shoot (v.). In ref. to water-wheels, the adj. overshot "driven by water shot over from above" is attested from 1530s.
overshoot o·ver·shoot (ō'vər-sh&oomacr;t') n. A change from steady state in response to a sudden change in some factor, as in electric potential or polarity when a cell or tissue is stimulated.