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per-

a prefix meaning “through,” “thoroughly,” “utterly,” “very”: pervert; pervade; perfect.

Chemistry. a prefix used in the names of inorganic acids and their salts that possess the maximum amount of the element specified in the base word: percarbonic (H₂C₂O₅), permanganic (HMnO₄), persulfuric (H₂S₂O₈), acids; potassium permanganate (KMnO₄); potassium persulfate (K₂S₂O₈).

Origin:
< Latin, combining form of per per, and used as an intensive

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2012.
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Per- is always a great word to know.

So is cyanide. Does it mean:

a salt of hydrocyanic acid, such as potassium cyanide, KCN

a substance that, because of the reactions it causes, is used in analysis and synthesis

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Collins

World English Dictionary

per-

—*prefix*
1.	through: pervade
2.	throughout: perennial
3.	away, beyond: perfidy
4.	completely, throughly: perplex
5.	(intensifier): perfervid
6.	indicating that a chemical compound contains a high proportion of a specified element: peroxide; perchloride
7.	indicating that a chemical element is in a higher than usual state of oxidation: permanganate; perchlorate
8.	(not in technical usage) a variant of peroxy- : persulphuric acid

[from Latin per through]

Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition
2009 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009
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American Heritage

Medical Dictionary

per- pref.

Thoroughly; completely; intensely: perfuse.
Containing an element in its highest oxidation state: perchloric acid.
Containing a large or the largest possible proportion of an element: peroxide.
Containing the peroxy group: peracid.

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