the testing or trial of a person's conduct, character, qualifications, or the like.
3.
the state or period of such testing or trial.
4.
Law.
a.
a method of dealing with offenders, especially young persons guilty of minor crimes or first offenses, by allowing them to go at large under supervision of a probation officer.
b.
the state of having been conditionally released.
5.
Education. a trial period or condition of students in certain educational institutions who are being permitted to redeem failures, misconduct, etc.
early 15c., "trial, experiment, test," from O.Fr. probacion (14c.), from L. probationem (nom. probatio) "inspection, examination," noun of action from probare "to test" (see prove). Meaning "testing of a person's conduct" is from early 15c.; theological sense first recorded