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spirit

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spir⋅it

  [spir-it]
Use spirit in a Sentence
–noun
1. the principle of conscious life; the vital principle in humans, animating the body or mediating between body and soul.
2. the incorporeal part of humans: present in spirit though absent in body.
3. the soul regarded as separating from the body at death.
4. conscious, incorporeal being, as opposed to matter: the world of spirit.
5. a supernatural, incorporeal being, esp. one inhabiting a place, object, etc., or having a particular character: evil spirits.
6. a fairy, sprite, or elf.
7. an angel or demon.
8. an attitude or principle that inspires, animates, or pervades thought, feeling, or action: the spirit of reform.
9. (initial capital letter) the divine influence as an agency working in the human heart.
10. a divine, inspiring, or animating being or influence. Num. 11:25; Is. 32:15.
11. (initial capital letter) the third person of the Trinity; Holy Spirit.
12. the soul or heart as the seat of feelings or sentiments, or as prompting to action: a man of broken spirit.
13. spirits, feelings or mood with regard to exaltation or depression: low spirits; good spirits.
14. excellent disposition or attitude in terms of vigor, courage, firmness of intent, etc.; mettle: That's the spirit!
15. temper or disposition: meek in spirit.
16. an individual as characterized by a given attitude, disposition, character, action, etc.: A few brave spirits remained to face the danger.
17. the dominant tendency or character of anything: the spirit of the age.
18. vigorous sense of membership in a group: college spirit.
19. the general meaning or intent of a statement, document, etc. (opposed to letter ): the spirit of the law.
20. Chemistry. the essence or active principle of a substance as extracted in liquid form, esp. by distillation.
21. Often, spirits. a strong distilled alcoholic liquor.
22. Chiefly British. alcohol.
23. Pharmacology. a solution in alcohol of an essential or volatile principle; essence.
24. any of certain subtle fluids formerly supposed to permeate the body.
25. the Spirit, God.
–adjective
26. pertaining to something that works by burning alcoholic spirits: a spirit stove.
27. of or pertaining to spiritualist bodies or activities.
–verb (used with object)
28. to animate with fresh ardor or courage; inspirit.
29. to encourage; urge on or stir up, as to action.
30. to carry off mysteriously or secretly (often fol. by away or off): His captors spirited him away.
—Idiom
31. out of spirits, in low spirits; depressed: We were feeling out of spirits after so many days of rain.
Origin:
1200–50; ME (n.) < L spīritus orig., a breathing, equiv. to spīri-, comb. form repr. spīrāre to breathe + -tus suffix of v. action

Related forms:
spir⋅it⋅like, adjective

Synonyms:
2. life, mind, consciousness, essence. 5. apparition, phantom, shade. See ghost. 6. goblin, hobgoblin. 7. genius. 14. enthusiasm, energy, zeal, ardor, fire, enterprise. 15. attitude, mood, humor. 17. nature, drift, tenor, gist, essence, sense, complexion. 19. intention, significance, purport.
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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spir·it   (spĭr'ĭt)   
n.  

    1. The vital principle or animating force within living beings.

    2. Incorporeal consciousness.

    3. An angel or a demon.

    4. A being inhabiting or embodying a particular place, object, or natural phenomenon.

    5. A fairy or sprite.

    6. The part of a human associated with the mind, will, and feelings: Though unable to join us today, they are with us in spirit.

    7. The essential nature of a person or group.

    8. An inclination or tendency of a specified kind: Her actions show a generous spirit.

    9. A causative, activating, or essential principle: The couple's engagement was announced in a joyous spirit.

  2. The soul, considered as departing from the body of a person at death.

  3. Spirit The Holy Spirit.

  4. A supernatural being, as:

    1. An angel or a demon.

    2. A being inhabiting or embodying a particular place, object, or natural phenomenon.

    3. A fairy or sprite.

    4. The part of a human associated with the mind, will, and feelings: Though unable to join us today, they are with us in spirit.

    5. The essential nature of a person or group.

    6. An inclination or tendency of a specified kind: Her actions show a generous spirit.

    7. A causative, activating, or essential principle: The couple's engagement was announced in a joyous spirit.

    1. The part of a human associated with the mind, will, and feelings: Though unable to join us today, they are with us in spirit.

    2. The essential nature of a person or group.

    3. An inclination or tendency of a specified kind: Her actions show a generous spirit.

    4. A causative, activating, or essential principle: The couple's engagement was announced in a joyous spirit.

  6. A person as characterized by a stated quality: He is a proud spirit.

    1. An inclination or tendency of a specified kind: Her actions show a generous spirit.

    2. A causative, activating, or essential principle: The couple's engagement was announced in a joyous spirit.

  8. spirits A mood or an emotional state: The guests were in high spirits. His sour spirits put a damper on the gathering.

  9. A particular mood or an emotional state characterized by vigor and animation: sang with spirit.

  10. Strong loyalty or dedication: team spirit.

  11. The predominant mood of an occasion or a period: "The spirit of 1776 is not dead" (Thomas Jefferson).

  12. The actual though unstated sense or significance of something: the spirit of the law.

  13. An alcohol solution of an essential or volatile substance. Often used in the plural with a singular verb.

  14. spirits An alcoholic beverage, especially distilled liquor.

tr.v.   spir·it·ed, spir·it·ing, spir·its

  1. To carry off mysteriously or secretly: The documents had been spirited away.

  2. To impart courage, animation, or determination to; inspirit.


[Middle English, from Old French espirit, from Latin spīritus, breath, from spīrāre, to breathe.]
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Word Origin & History

spirit  (n.)
c.1250, "animating or vital principle in man and animals," from O.Fr. espirit, from L. spiritus "soul, courage, vigor, breath," related to spirare "to breathe," from PIE *(s)peis- "to blow" (cf. O.C.S. pisto "to play on the flute"). Original usage in Eng. mainly from passages in Vulgate, where the L. word translates Gk. pneuma and Heb. ruah. Distinction between "soul" and "spirit" (as "seat of emotions") became current in Christian terminology (e.g. Gk. psykhe vs. pneuma, L. anima vs. spiritus) but "is without significance for earlier periods" [Buck]. L. spiritus, usually in classical L. "breath," replaces animus in the sense "spirit" in the imperial period and appears in Christian writings as the usual equivalent of Gk. pneuma. Meaning "supernatural being" is attested from c.1300 (see ghost); that of "essential principle of something" (in a non-theological sense, e.g. Spirit of St. Louis) is attested from 1690, common after 1800. Plural form spirits "volatile substance" is an alchemical idea, first attested 1610; sense narrowed to "strong alcoholic liquor" by 1678. This also is the sense in spirit level (1768).

spirit  (v.)
1599, "to make more active or energetic" (of blood, alcohol, etc.), from spirit (n.). The verb meaning "carry off or away secretly (as though by supernatural agency)" is first recorded 1666. Spirited "lively, energetic" is from 1599.
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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Medical Dictionary

Main Entry: spir·it
Pronunciation: 'spir-&t
Function: noun
1 a : DISTILLATE; especially : the liquid containing ethyl alcohol and water that is distilled from an alcoholic liquid or mash —often used in plural b : a usually volatile organic solvent (as an alcohol, ester, or hydrocarbon)
2 : an alcoholic solution of a volatile substance <spirit of camphor>
Merriam-Webster's Medical Dictionary, © 2002 Merriam-Webster, Inc.
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Medical Dictionary

spirit spir·it (spĭr'ĭt)
n.

  1. spirits An alcohol solution of an essential or volatile substance.

  2. spirits An alcoholic beverage, especially distilled liquor.

  3. A liquid that has been distilled.

The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary
Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.
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Bible Dictionary

Spirit

(Heb. ruah; Gr. pneuma), properly wind or breath. In 2 Thess. 2:8 it means "breath," and in Eccl. 8:8 the vital principle in man. It also denotes the rational, immortal soul by which man is distinguished (Acts 7:59; 1 Cor. 5:5; 6:20; 7:34), and the soul in its separate state (Heb. 12:23), and hence also an apparition (Job 4:15; Luke 24:37, 39), an angel (Heb. 1:14), and a demon (Luke 4:36; 10:20). This word is used also metaphorically as denoting a tendency (Zech. 12:10; Luke 13:11). In Rom. 1:4, 1 Tim. 3:16, 2 Cor. 3:17, 1 Pet. 3:18, it designates the divine nature.

Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary
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Idioms & Phrases

spirit

In addition to the idioms beginning with spirit, also see kindred spirit.

The American Heritage® Dictionary of Idioms by Christine Ammer.
Copyright © 1997. Published by Houghton Mifflin.
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