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turnpike

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turn⋅pike

[turn-pahyk]
–noun
1. a high-speed highway, esp. one maintained by tolls.
2. (formerly) a barrier set across such a highway to stop passage until a toll has been paid; tollgate.

Origin:
1375–1425; late ME turnepike road barrier (in def. 1, short for turnpike road). See turn, pike 2
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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turn·pike   (tûrn'pīk')   
n.  
  1. Abbr. Tnpk. or Tpk. A toll road, especially an expressway with tollgates.

  2. A tollgate.


[Middle English turnepike, spiked barrier : turnen, to turn; see turn + pike, sharp point; see pike5.]
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Word Origin & History

turnpike 
c.1420, "spiked road barrier used for defense," from turn + pike (2) "shaft." Sense transf. to "horizontal cross of timber, turning on a vertical pin" (1547), which were used to bar horses from foot roads. This led to the sense of "barrier to stop passage until a toll is paid" (1678). Meaning "road with a toll gate" is from 1748, shortening of turnpike road (1745).
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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