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Closure

 - 7 dictionary results

clo⋅sure

[kloh-zher] noun, verb, -sured, -sur⋅ing.
–noun
1. the act of closing; the state of being closed.
2. a bringing to an end; conclusion.
3. something that closes or shuts.
4. closer (def. 2).
5. an architectural screen or parapet, esp. one standing free between columns or piers.
6. Phonetics. an occlusion of the vocal tract as an articulatory feature of a particular speech sound. Compare constriction (def. 5).
7. Parliamentary Procedure. a cloture.
8. Surveying. completion of a closed traverse in such a way that the point of origin and the endpoint coincide within an acceptably small margin of error. Compare error of closure.
9. Mathematics.
a. the property of being closed with respect to a particular operation.
b. the intersection of all closed sets that contain a given set.
10. Psychology.
a. the tendency to see an entire figure even though the picture of it is incomplete, based primarily on the viewer's past experience.
b. a sense of psychological certainty or completeness: a need for closure.
11. Obsolete. something that encloses or shuts in; enclosure.
–verb (used with object), verb (used without object)
12. Parliamentary Procedure. to cloture.

Origin:
1350–1400; ME < MF < L clausūra. See close, -ure

clos⋅er

1[kloh-zer]
–noun
1. a person or thing that closes.
2. Also, closure. Masonry. any of various specially formed or cut bricks for spacing or filling gaps between regular bricks or courses of regular brickwork.

Origin:
1350–1400; ME. See close, -er 1
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
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clo·sure   (klō'zhər)   
n.  
  1. The act of closing or the state of being closed: closure of an incision.

  2. Something that closes or shuts.

    1. A bringing to an end; a conclusion: finally brought the project to closure.

    2. A feeling of finality or resolution, especially after a traumatic experience.

  3. See cloture.

  4. The property of being mathematically closed.

tr.v.   clo·sured, clo·sur·ing, clo·sures
To cloture (a debate).

[Middle English, from Old French, from Late Latin clausūra, fortress, lock, from clausus, enclosed; see close. Sense 4, translation of French clôture.]
clo·ture   (klō'chər)   
n.  A parliamentary procedure by which debate is ended and an immediate vote is taken on the matter under discussion. Also called closure.
tr.v.   clo·tured, clo·tur·ing, clo·tures
To apply cloture to (a parliamentary debate).

[French clôture, from Old French closture, probably alteration of closure, closure; see closure.]
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Word Origin & History

closure 
c.1390, from O.Fr. closure "that which encloses," from L. clausura "lock, fortress, a closing," from pp. stem of claudere "to close" (see close (v.)). Originally "a fence," sense of "bringing to a close" is from 1423. Sense of "tendency to create ordered and satisfying wholes" is 1924, from Gestalt psychology.
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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Medical Dictionary

Main Entry: clo·sure
Pronunciation: 'klO-zh&r
Function: noun
1 a : an act of closing up or condition of being closed up <closureof the eyelids> closure of fontanels and sutures —W. A. D. Anderson> b : a drawing together of edges or parts to form a united integument closure by suture immediately after laceration>
2 : a cap, lid, or stopper for sealing a container (as a serum vial)
3 : the perception of incompletefigures or situations as though complete by ignoring the missing parts or by compensating for them by projection based on past experience
Merriam-Webster's Medical Dictionary, © 2002 Merriam-Webster, Inc.
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Computing Dictionary

closure
1. In a reduction system, a closure is a data structure that holds an expression and an environment of variable bindings in which that expression is to be evaluated. The variables may be local or global. Closures are used to represent unevaluated expressions when implementing functional programming languages with lazy evaluation. In a real implementation, both expression and environment are represented by pointers.
A suspension is a closure which includes a flag to say whether or not it has been evaluated. The term "thunk" has come to be synonymous with "closure" but originated outside functional programming.
2. In domain theory, given a partially ordered set, D and a subset, X of D, the upward closure of X in D is the union over all x in X of the sets of all d in D such that x <= d. Thus the upward closure of X in D contains the elements of X and any greater element of D. A set is "upward closed" if it is the same as its upward closure, i.e. any d greater than an element is also an element. The downward closure (or "left closure") is similar but with d <= x. A downward closed set is one for which any d less than an element is also an element.
("<=" is written in LaTeX as subseteq and the upward closure of X in D is written \uparrow_\D X).
(1994-12-16)

The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing, © 1993-2007 Denis Howe
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