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above - 8 dictionary results

a⋅bove

[uh-buhv]
–adverb
1. in, at, or to a higher place.
2. overhead, upstairs, or in the sky: My brother lives in the apartment above. A flock of birds circled above.
3. higher in rank, authority, or power: She was told to speak to the person above.
4. higher in quantity or number: books with 100 pages and above.
5. before or earlier, esp. in a book or other piece of writing; foregoing: the remark quoted above. Compare below (def. 6).
6. in or to heaven: gone to her eternal rest above.
7. Zoology. on the upper or dorsal side.
8. Theater. upstage. Compare below (def. 9).
9. higher than zero on the temperature scale: The temperature dropped to ten above this morning.
–preposition
10. in or to a higher place than; over: to fly above the clouds; the floor above ours.
11. more in quantity or number than; in excess of: all girls above 12 years of age; The weight is above a ton.
12. superior in rank, authority, or standing to: A captain is above a lieutenant.
13. not subject or liable to; not capable of (some undesirable action, thought, etc.): above suspicion; to be above bad behavior.
14. of too fine a character for: He is above such trickery.
15. rather than; in preference to: to favor one child above the other.
16. beyond, esp. north of: six miles above Baltimore.
17. Theater. upstage of.
–adjective
18. said, mentioned, or written above; foregoing: the above explanation.
–noun
19. something that was said, mentioned, or written above: to refer to the above.
20. the person or persons previously indicated: The above will all stand trial.
21. heaven: truly a gift from above.
22. a higher authority: an order from above.
23. above all, most important of all; principally: charity above all.

Origin:
bef. 900; ME above(n) (Cf. aboon), OE abufan, onbufan ( a- 1 , on + bufan above (c. D boven), equiv. to b(e) by + ufan, c. OFris uva, OS oban(a), OHG obana, G oben, ON ofan above; akin to over ); see up; cf. about for formation


Above as an adjective (the above data) or as a noun (study the above) referring to what has been mentioned earlier in a piece of writing has long been standard. A few critics object to these uses in general writing, believing that they are more appropriate in business or technical contexts; they occur, however, in all kinds of edited writing.
a·bove   (ə-bŭv')   
adv.  
  1. On high; overhead: the clouds above.
  2. In heaven; heavenward.
    1. Upstairs: a table in the dining room above.
    2. To a degree that is over zero: 15° above.
  3. In or to a higher place.
  4. In an earlier part of a given text: "The problems cited above have led to a number of suggestions for reform" (Wharton Magazine).
  5. In or to a higher rank or position: the ranks of major and above.
prep.  
  1. Over or higher than: a cool spring above the timberline.
  2. Superior to in rank, position, or number; greater than: put principles above expediency.
  3. Beyond the level or reach of: a shot that was heard above the music.
  4. In preference to.
  5. Too honorable to bend to: I am above petty intrigue.
  6. More than: somewhat above normal temperature.
  7. Upstream of: a dam positioned ten miles above the town.
  8. North of: Minnesota is above Iowa.
n.  
  1. An earlier part of a given text: Refer to the above for that information.
  2. The person or persons already referred to in a text: The above hereby affix their signatures.
adj.  Appearing earlier in the same text: flaws in the above interpretation.

[Middle English aboven, from Old English abūfan : a-, on; see a-2 + būfan, above; see upo in Indo-European roots.]

Above

A*bove"\, prep. [OE. above, aboven, abuffe, AS. abufon; an (or on) on + be by + ufan upward; cf. Goth. uf under. [root]199. See Over.]

1. In or to a higher place; higher than; on or over the upper surface; over; -- opposed to below or beneath.

Fowl that may fly above the earth. --Gen. i. 20.

2. Figuratively, higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; beyond; higher in measure or degree than; as, things above comprehension; above mean actions; conduct above reproach. "Thy worth . . . is actions above my gifts." --Marlowe.

I saw in the way a light from heaven above the brightness of the sun. --Acts xxxvi. 13.

3. Surpassing in number or quantity; more than; as, above a hundred. (Passing into the adverbial sense. See Above, adv., 4.)

above all, before every other consideration; chiefly; in preference to other things.

Over and above, prep. or adv., besides; in addition to.

Above

A*bove"\, adv. 1. In a higher place; overhead; into or from heaven; as, the clouds above.

2. Earlier in order; higher in the same page; hence, in a foregoing page. "That was said above." --Dryden.

3. Higher in rank or power; as, he appealed to the court above.

4. More than; as, above five hundred were present.

Note: Above is often used elliptically as an adjective by omitting the word mentioned, quoted, or the like; as, the above observations, the above reference, the above articles. -- Above is also used substantively. "The waters that come down from above." --Josh. iii. 13. It is also used as the first part of a compound in the sense of before, previously; as, above-cited, above-described, above-mentioned, above-named, abovesaid, abovespecified, above-written, above-given.
Language Translation for : above
Spanish: encima (de),
German: über,
Japanese: ~の上に

above 
O.E. abufan, from on "on" + bufan "over," compound of be "by" + ufan "over/high," from P.Gmc. *ufan-, *uban-. Meaning "in addition" first recorded 1596. Aboveboard (1616) was originally a gambling term, "A figurative expression borrowed from gamesters, who, when they put their hands under the table, are changing their cards." [Johnson]

Main Entry: 1above
Function: adverb
1 : higher on the same page or on a preceding page above>
2 : higher or superior in rank or authority above>—above the line : in calculations that yield adjusted gross income or profit

Main Entry: 2above
Function: adjective
: written or discussed higher on the same page or on a preceding page above argument>

above

In addition to the idioms beginning with above, also see all (none) of the above; cut above; head and shoulders above; over and above.

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