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till

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till

1[til]
–preposition
1. up to the time of; until: to fight till death.
2. before (used in negative constructions): He did not come till today.
3. near or at a specified time: till evening.
4. Chiefly Midland, Southern, and Western U.S. before; to: It's ten till four on my watch.
5. Scot. and North England.
a. to.
b. unto.
–conjunction
6. to the time that or when; until.
7. before (used in negative constructions).

Origin:
bef. 900; ME; OE (north) til < ON til to, akin to OE till station, G Ziel goal. See till 2


Till1 and until are both old in the language and are interchangeable as both prepositions and conjunctions: It rained till (or until) nearly midnight. The savannah remained brown and lifeless until (or till) the rains began. Till is not a shortened form of until and is not spelled 'till. 'Til is usually considered a spelling error, though widely used in advertising: Open 'til ten.

till

2[til] ,
–verb (used with object)
1. to labor, as by plowing or harrowing, upon (land) for the raising of crops; cultivate.
2. to plow.
–verb (used without object)
3. to cultivate the soil.

Origin:
bef. 900; ME tilen, OE tilian to strive after, get, till; c. D telen to breed, cultivate, G zielen to aim at

till

3[til] ,
–noun
1. a drawer, box, or the like, as in a shop or bank, in which money is kept.
2. a drawer, tray, or the like, as in a cabinet or chest, for keeping valuables.
3. an arrangement of drawers or pigeonholes, as on a desk top.

Origin:
1425–75; late ME tylle, n. use of tylle to draw, OE -tyllan (in fortyllan to seduce); akin to L dolus trick, Gk dólos bait (for fish), any cunning contrivance, treachery

till

4[til] ,
–noun
1. Geology. glacial drift consisting of an unassorted mixture of clay, sand, gravel, and boulders.
2. a stiff clay.

Origin:
1665–75; orig. uncert.
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
Cite This Source Link To till
till 1   (tĭl)   
tr.v.   tilled, till·ing, tills
To prepare (land) for the raising of crops, as by plowing and harrowing; cultivate.

[Middle English tilen, from Old English tilian.]
till'a·ble adj.
till 2   (tĭl)   
prep.  Until.
conj.  Until.

[Middle English, from Old English til, from Old Norse.]
Usage Note: Till and until are generally interchangeable in both writing and speech, though as the first word in a sentence until is usually preferred: Until you get that paper written, don't even think about going to the movies. · Till is actually the older word, with until having been formed by the addition to it of the prefix un-, meaning "up to." In the 18th century the spelling 'till became fashionable, as if till were a shortened form of until. Although 'till is now nonstandard, 'til is sometimes used in this way and is considered acceptable, though it is etymologically incorrect.
till 3   (tĭl)   
n.  
  1. A drawer, small chest, or compartment for money, as in a store.

  2. A supply of money; a purse.


[Middle English tille.]
till 4   (tĭl)   
n.  Glacial drift composed of an unconsolidated, heterogeneous mixture of clay, sand, pebbles, cobbles, and boulders.

[Origin unknown.]
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Word Origin & History

till  (prep.)
"until," O.E. til (Northumbrian), from O.N. til "to, until," from P.Gmc. *tilan (cf. Dan. til, O.Fris. til "to, till," Goth. tils "convenient," Ger. Ziel "limit, end, goal"). A common preposition in Scand., probably originally the accusative case of a noun now lost except for Icelandic tili "scope," the noun used to express aim, direction, purpose (e.g. aldrtili "death," lit. "end of life"). Also cf. Ger. Ziel "end, limit, point aimed at, goal," and compare till (v.).

till  (v.)
"cultivate (land)" (c.1205), "plow" (1377), from O.E. tilian "tend, work at, get by labor," originally "strive after," related to till "fixed point, goal," and til "good, suitable," from P.Gmc. *tilojanan (cf. O.Fris. tilia "to get, cultivate," O.S. tilian "to obtain," M.Du., Du. telen "to breed, raise, cultivate, cause," O.H.G. zilon "to strive," Ger. zielen "to aim, strive"), from source of till (prep.).

till  (n.)
"cashbox," 1452, from Anglo-Fr. tylle "compartment," O.Fr. tille "compartment, shelter on a ship," probably from O.N. þilja "plank, floorboard," from P.Gmc. *theljon. The other theory is that the word is from M.E. tillen "to draw," from O.E. -tyllan (see toll (v.)), with a sense evolution as in drawer (see draw).
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2001 Douglas Harper
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Idioms & Phrases

till

In addition to the subsequent idioms beginning with till, also see hand in the till; until.

The American Heritage® Dictionary of Idioms by Christine Ammer.
Copyright © 1997. Published by Houghton Mifflin.
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